During the 16th and 17th century areas that were forbidden before began to change. These were areas were humans were only entitled to know what God wanted to reveal, otherwise they were inaccessible or forbidden. The limits on the knowledge humans were able to possess became more accessible during the 16th and 17th centuries. The Reformation shows the decline of the Catholic Church and the rise of questioning authority leading to the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution showed that observations and conclusions became an acceptable source of knowledge and truth, where it had been less so in earlier times. “For centuries the Church held the belief that they could only provide the information. This information was all a monopoly in the murals, stained glass, and decorated paraphernalia of shrines and altars. The educational activities of the clergy thought there was an awesome …show more content…
Luther Legacy pg 35) helped to replace the authority of the Church. His reason was always the bible and reason, that your salvation was yours and not that of the clergy. Traditional authority began to change, the imagination of people became more radical and there was a call to initiate reform in the Church. However, popes refused to concede anything that could weaken the power of Rome. This helped to continue the decline of the teachings and authority of the Catholic Church. The Protestant Revolution questioned authority, led to the Scientific Revolution and all the scientific discoveries would soon lead to the Enlightenment, the Age of Reason. All of these examples showed the rise and decline of the Protestant Reformation and the rise of the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution showed that a rise in observations and conclusions became an acceptable source of knowledge and truth, where it had been less so in earlier
The Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment were three notable movements that fundamentally transformed European society during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. Each of these cultural, intellectual, and philosophical movements, as well as their collective impact, had a profound influence on the political structures of Europe. Among countless others, notable figureheads throughout this era of innovation include Martin Luther, John Calvin, Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant. Together, these movements–spurred by the pioneering of such individuals–challenged popular beliefs and authority, undermined the power of the Church, and spread the idea of secularism,
During the Scientific Revolution, natural philosophers developed a new scientific worldview. A heliocentric model of the universe replaced the geocentric model that was already in place and widely used. Different methods for discovering scientific laws such as Natural rights were developed. Scientist believed in a universe of matter in motion, which was reasoned with mathematics and experiments. Philosophes organized into societies widespread throughout Europe to make the spread of knowledge and ideas easier.
I believe The Reformation influenced many events in the church, politics, race and gender. First, the Reformation changed the church. The movement did start in the walls of the Catholic Church. A man named Martin Luther challenged the authority of the church.
Luther thought that the Catholic’s had too many rules. Another, main person was King Henry VIII which he made the Church of England. The people that went to the Church of England were called Protestants, also called Anglicans. Henry defied the authority of the pope. His actions angered English catholics.
(1) “The movement known as the Enlightenment included writers living at different times in carious countries. Its early exponents, the philosophes, popularized the rationalism and scientific ideas of the 17th century. They exposed contemporary social and political abuses and argued that reform was necessary and possible.” (The Heritage of World Civilizations). This led to tremendous rethinking of religious and moral matters as well as scientific theory.
In Steven Shapin’s book, The Scientific Revolution, he described the massive scientific changes that occurred from the late 16th to the early 18th centuries. Shapin utilizes the scientists and their findings to demonstrate the changes that affected Western civilization. He describes his theory of the Scientific Revolution as he proves that the world has always had scientific advances. Steven Shapin states his thesis which influenced the modern world, that the Scientific Revolution did not happen during a single time period through the use of the three essential questions: What was known, How was it known, and What was the Knowledge for.
As I have said, a strong traditional claim is that the Scientific Revolution stands for a series of changes that stemmed from Copernicus ' bold claim that the earth moves. This claim clearly ran contrary to tradition, to the authority of the Ancients and to established views in the universities and most church officials. Copernicus claimed that the earth is not fixed and stationary in the center of the cosmos (geocentric and geostatic) but instead argued that it rotates on it 's axis each day and revolves around the sun each
The moon revolves around the Earth, and objects fall because of gravity. At one point, during the 17th and 18th century, this new concept, and much more like it, was the talk of the town. This time period was called the scientific revolution, where philosophers and scientists questioned the views on the world resulting in unfamiliar discoveries and the creation of new ideas. Science has influenced culture, religion, and government during this time as it made its crucial impact for their different way of thinking. Science was an important factor when it comes to progress within their society as there were many new findings.
When the Enlightenment struck Europe, people began to think more intellectually and rationally, rather than religiously and traditionally. Because of this, the Scientific Revolution was sparked in Europe. The Scientific was the emergence of modern technology, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature. This newfound perspective of nature as a scientific remnant changed the ideas of society significantly. People began to believe that nature was a rational result from scientific excursions, rather than the creation by a divine figure; this meant that religion was tampered with by science because everything in the universe should be logical and rational, rather than the result of a divine figure and beliefs from the Scripture.
During the early sixteenth century the Church began to experience loss of respect and many challenges due to the corruption within the church. Many began to think the church was dying. This would cause the reformation. Throughout the age of reformation, the political and social spheres of Europe were also significantly affected, as well as the religious movement, through Martin Luther, the printing press, and the opinions of the people. The reformation is often viewed as a religious movement, yet it also affected the political and social aspects of Europe as well.
In the eighteenth century a new period of change swept across Europe because of previous intellectual developments as well as some very strong and independent people who stood up against common belief. The Enlightenment of the eighteenth century was like nothing that had ever occurred in Europe, shortly after the Scientific Revolution, this period was classified as a period where intellectuals “dared to know”. Even though the effects of this period mostly affected the elite few that were able to read, the effects would affect everyone. This period focused on looking back at previous discoveries and making one’s own opinion as well as sharing it with other intellectuals. Before this period could emerge several other intellectual developments
To elaborate, for the Protestant Reformation to exist, institutional or technological features are needed to permit Reformation to spread more rapidly or limited the ability of the Church and its political allies to stop its spread. Priests had an important role in everyone’s life from marriage, confessions, to baptizing them. Since, the people always needed their help, it was hard to see them as the enemy. The Clergy were born into high society, and since they were the only ones who were literate, they kept the rest ignorant, to ensure that the money would keep coming into their pockets: but that easily changed with the printing press. The Gutenberg press, an innovative printing machine, spread the ideas of the Protestant Reformers.
When the Protestant Reformation occurred, it had a large effect on western civilization. The Protestant Reformation was the 16th century when Martin Luther wanted to increase life and develop the right way within the churches. The Protestant Reformation changed life for people for Europe by the changes with religion, gender, and class. In Europe, there was a lot of religions fighting for the chances of succeeding and having all the power.
During the seventeenth and eighteenth century, the scientific revolution built a foundation that allowed Europe to expand its thoughts about math, science, astronomy, and physics; this movement was called the Enlightenment. The Age of Enlightenment was a consequential point in history because this was when society shifted away from the Church’s authority and began to rely on scientific reason. Philosophes focused on the idea of religious tolerance and how it would create a positive change in society while also concentrating on the concept that people are capable of achieving perfection on earth. Religious tolerance, education, and the perfectibility of man were all significant themes that emerged during the Enlightenment.
The rise of scientific inquiry opened new vistas before human mind. ( Bacon’s formulation and statement of the new scientific method. ) All these lead to a new spirit of inquiry into the realities of nature. Man started to believe more in himself. He thought that he would conquer the entire world with his supreme gift of rationality.