Several American policies during the 1800s affected our nation’s growth and the different groups of people who lived here. Our relationships with other countries changed, and most of the policies, while increasing the United States’ power and size, had negative impacts on Native people.
The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 stated that no European countries were allowed to colonize or interfere with states in North or South America. It also stated that the United States would not become involved in any European wars (Foner and Garraty, 1991). Originally, Britain wanted to join the US in this policy, in order to protect Latin America from Spanish colonization. Monroe’s cabinet decided that the US would be better off issuing the Monroe Doctrine alone, keeping British out
…show more content…
The United States wanted to remove Native Americans from the Southeast. The Indian Removal Act began 1830. It allowed southern states to purchase land that the Natives had settled on. They planned to divide land west of the Mississippi for the Native Americans to move to (History.com, 2009). This was a very controversial event that many people opposed. The law required that Natives not be forced to leave their lands; however, President Andrew Jackson, who had signed the Act into law, often ignored this, and took Native land by force. Native Americans were relocated to land west of the Mississippi that the United States had gotten in the Louisiana Purchase (History.com, 2009). The Choctaw nation was the first to be forced from its land. These Natives travelled on foot to their new lands, on what was later called the “Trail of Tears”. Thousands of them did not survive. By 1840, thousands of Native Americans had been driven from their lands in the southeastern states. These actions by the US government gave white settlers many thousands of acres of desirable
foreign policy put out in a speech by President James Monroe on December 2, 1823. Its four basic principles were that the U.S. would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers, that the U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies in the Western Hemisphere, that the Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization and that if a European nation tried to control or interfere with a nation in the Western Hemisphere, the United States would view it as a hostile act against this nation. This came about because of growing concern that Spain would reclaim sovereignty in the Western Hemisphere and the fact that Russia was expanding southward toward the Oregon Territory and had territorial ambitions in the Pacific Northwest. The British supported this idea because they too had concern that after France helped put down a rebellion against the Spanish monarch that this might lead to a joint French-Spanish expedition to retake the Latin American colonies for Spain. British foreign minister George Canning suggested to American minister in London, Richard Rush that a joint declaration opposing such a development would be in both their interests.
The main purpose of the Indian Removal Act of 1830 is to have a process where the President could grant land on the west of the Mississippi River to the Indian Tribes that agreed to give up their homelands. One of the main points of the Indian Removal Act was for the President of the United States to divide the land, where the Indian Tribes will reside, into districts and let them be distinguished from others. Another main point of the Indian Removal Act is where the President of the United States has the right to exchange any or all of the districts where the Indian Tribes reside at. The last main point of the Indian Removal Act is where the President of the United States promises the Indian Tribes a country for a country. I think the Indian
The Act led to an array of legal and moral arguments for and against the need to relocate the Indians westward from the agriculturally productive lands of the Mississippi in Georgia and parts of Alabama. This paper compares and contrasts the major arguments for and against the
When Andrew Jackson became president in 1829, the Native American condition worsened. Congress allowed the president to solve the "Indian problem" with the Indian Removal Act of 1830 (O’Neill 11). This act gave President Jackson permission to offer tribes land west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their tribal lands east of the Mississippi. Politicians of the day considered this a generous offer, (O’Neil 11) but the Native American population would not surrender their homes so easily. So the federal government used some shady tactics in order to get many tribes to accept the agreement.
government passed the Indian Removal Act which forced members of the of the Five Civilized Tribes -- the Choctaws, Creeks, Chickasaws, Cherokees, and Seminoles from their ancestral lands in the Deep South. This was to make room for white settlers who wanted the rich soil. The tribes along with their black slaves were forcibly marched west of the Mississippi River to the new Indian Territory during the "Trail of Tears" of 1838 and 1839, resulting in the deaths of thousands of Native Americans. Some Native Americans refused to register with the Bureau of Indian Affairs or to allow them to be "removed" to "Indian Territory" in Oklahoma during the 1800s. They also refused to decide for the Blacks whether they would relocate or not.
While white settlers were pulled to various regions of America, they pushed other racial groups, forcing them out of their homes and land. The westward expansion was one of the crucial events that changed Native American lives for generations to come. Native people had all of this land, and it was not just one tribe of people; there were a variety of indigenous groups that covered America, but since it was the white American’s right to head west, all of that land previously belonging to Native Americans was stolen from them. Document 10 has a map showing western America, and the land Native Americans had lost over the time of 1850 to 1890. They started out with the entire region, but by the end of the 19th century, they had tiny square miles of land, that barely make up an entire state.
The Indian Removal Act was signed in 1830 by President Andrew Jackson to remove the Cherokee Indians from their homes and force them to settle west of the Mississippi River. The act was passed in hopes to gain agrarian land that would replenish the cotton industry which had plummeted after the Panic of 1819. Andrew Jackson believed that effectively forcing the Cherokees to become more civilized and to christianize them would be beneficial to them. Therefore, he thought the journey westward was necessary. In late 1838, the Cherokees were removed from their homes and forced into a brutal journey westward in the bitter cold.
The Indians did establish schools, develop written language and laws and even became sedentary farmers. Even though they had done all this to become a citizen they were still not recognized. They gave up hunting to adapt the European-American culture. The policy was designed to remove the Native Americans by the American government. The Indian Removal Act was not just created in the 1830’s but was culminated in the nineteenth century.
The Indian Removal Act was passed during Andrew Jackson’s presidency on May 28, 1830. This authorized the president to grant land that was west of the Mississippi River to Indians that agreed to give up their homeland. They believed that the land could be more profitably farmed by non-Indians.
Under influence of president Andrew Jackson, the congress was urged in 1830 to pass the Indian Removal Act, with the goal of relocated many Native Americans in the East territory, the west of Mississippi river. The Trail of tears was made for the interest of the minorities. Indeed, if president Jackson wished to relocate the Native Americans, it was because he wanted to take advantage of the gold he found on their land. Then, even though the Cherokee won their case in front the supreme court, the president and congress pushed them out(Darrenkamp).
On July 17, 1830, the Cherokee nation published an appeal to all of the American people. United States government paid little thought to the Native Americans’ previous letters of their concerns. It came to the point where they turned to the everyday people to help them. They were desperate. Their withdrawal of their homeland was being caused by Andrew Jackson signing the Indian Removal Act into law on May 28, 1830.
First of all, Native Americans were settled on a hotbed of natural resources which included oil and precious metals such as silver and gold. There was also much fertile land that would entice farmers and frontiersmen to move out west. On this land there was so much potential economic opportunity for farmers, cattle drivers, miners and many other occupations. The government developed the popular public misconception that the indians were misusing the land and that Americans had the right to take advantage of the opportunities that lie in the west. These ideas led to the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 which authorized encroachment of Indian lands by the US government in order to divide up reservations and control Indian activity.
The Genocide: Trail of Tears/ The Indian removal act During the 1830s the united states congress and president Andrew Jackson created and passed the “Indian removal act”. Which allowed Jackson to forcibly remove the Indians from their native lands in the southeastern states, such as Florida and Mississippi, and send them to specific “Indian reservations” across the Mississippi river, so the whites could take over their land. From 1830-1839 the five civilized tribes (The Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, and Chickasaw) were forced, sometimes by gun point, to march about 1,000 miles to what is present day Oklahoma.
The Monroe Doctrine of December 2, 1823, was indeed crucial for American foreign policy. In fact, it was a motivational and inspirational speech as a part of the annual presidential’s message to the Congress. The occasion for the doctrine was the vision of expanding America during James Monroe’s presidency. Even though the doctrine took Monroe’s name, it was in reality drifted by John Quince Adams (Monroe’s secretary of state) because he feared that Spain would try to regain the Latin American colonies which had just gained their independency. Latin America was a major market for British goods, and Adams wished for the United States to take Britain’s role.
James Monroe wrote the Monroe Doctrine proclamation in 1823. He was concerned about the possibilities of European colonial expansion. He stated that any European efforts to colonize land in North or South America would be deemed as an unfriendly act towards the United States. In the proclamation he also warned that if European powers did try to colonize any land from the Americas the Unites States would have the right to fully intervene in their colonizations for their own defense. Monroe also noted in the doctrine that the Unites States would not interfere in any internal affairs between European powers and stay neutral.