The issue of police treatment of African-Americans in the United States often focuses on police brutality directed towards the unfortunate members of the African-American community. Often forgotten is a subtler, more nuanced form of discrimination of the kind that is experienced by the Sweets and their friends documented by Kevin Boyle in his work, Arc of Justice. The Detroit police department displays a shocking lack of empathy for the Sweet family and the danger they face, along with a failure (possibly intentional) to protect them from the mob-enforced segregation of neighborhoods in Detroit. In the book Arc of Justice, the Detroit police department displays a pattern of racially motivated actions that ultimately leads to unfair treatment …show more content…
The Detroit Police Department (by way of its inspector Schuknecht), changes and manipulates information to make it seem as if the Sweets and their friends fired upon a small group of white neighbors without provocation. The congregation of whites is claimed to have been very small (which it was not), and the police stated that the mob had not attempted to throw rocks until after being fired upon (blatantly untrue, as the reporter himself noticed). This pattern of lying not only is an attempt to paint the Sweets and company as cold blooded killers, but also exonerates the police department and the mob of any wrongdoing. The reporter investigating the crime relates in his piece, “Schuknecht said, and he knew the truth: there hadn’t been any mob threatening the Negroes, no one surrounding the house, no one throwing stones” (182). The flagrantly untrue details related by the Detroit police department would pop up again during the criminal trial shows how little the truth matters to a police force infested by Klan members, racists, and …show more content…
Sweet and his wife, to choose where they live was the catalyst for everything that unfolded following the attack by the mob of neighbors. The Sweets and their friends armed themselves, knowing they could not rely on the police; the police themselves did only the minimum required to keep it from being glaringly obvious how little they cared to extend protection to the African-American community of Detroit. Additionally the court system showed its own biased face, sitting twelve white men in the jury box to pass judgement on the Sweets and their friends. With this kind of treatment by the police and court system, it’s easy to understand why the African-American community of Detroit felt they were better off taking care of themselves than expecting to be treated fairly by a corrupt and racist judicial system. In the end, they were proven right, as no one was found guilty, the courts returning the correct verdicts and decisions that showed the Sweets and friends were well within their rights as American citizens to defend themselves and their property, regardless of the race of those
Keeps a kid from running for office” (P. 3). Overall, Spence concludes with the argument that the city of Baltimore are using its police officer as a toll of social control. That from police stops majority occurring in Western and the Central Districts affecting the poorest black neighbourhoods “is producing and reproducing a population that has no functional purpose other than to be policed” (p.3). This is not just occurring in Baltimore either. “Seeing police violence as simply an expression of racism omits this crucial component.
Hays, Z. R. (2011). Police use of excessive force in disorganized neighborhoods. El Paso, TX: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC. In the book written by Hays (2011), the problem of police targeting disadvantaged neighborhoods is discussed.
Though Ossian Sweet was a smart, respectable, and well-educated doctor, his life was an uphill battle because of racism and segregation, even in the North. Two major ways that racism in Detroit, as well as Bartow Florida where Ossian Sweet grew up, negatively affected his life were finding a safe and decent place to raise a family, and the emotional childhood trauma from horrific acts of racism that he both heard about and witnessed as a child and young man. The book “Arc of Justice” follows the story of Ossian Sweet’s court trial, while also detailing all the events in his life that led up to his arrest and trial. The author, Kevin Boyle, follows the history of Sweet’s family, as well as the childhood of Ossian himself, all the way through
How a person acquires fundamental opinions has been a controversial topic for generations. Some people claim that a person’s opinion is inborn. Others theorize that a person’s opinion is learned. However, most will agree that a person’s surroundings, environment, and history have a great impact on their worldly views. One’s environment can be described as where they live, where they spend their time, the place where they attend school or work, who they live with, and who they associate with.
Why would an enraged mob form outside the home of a new neighbor who is a well-educated and a well-mannered medical doctor, his gracious young wife, and their 18 month old baby? It was 1925, Dr. Sweet was black, and the neighborhood was an all-white working class section of Detroit. “When Dr. Ossian Sweet bought a house in an all-white section of Detroit in the summer of 1925, he knew his move might trigger white violence. “Well, we have decided we are not going to run," he told a colleague a few weeks before taking possession of his new home. “We’re not going to look for any trouble, but we 're going to be prepared to protect ourselves if trouble arises."
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander, M. (2012). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness (Rev. ed.). New York, NY: The New Press. Michelle Alexander in her book, "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness" argues that law enforcement officials routinely racially profile minorities to deny them socially, politically, and economically as was accustomed in the Jim Crow era.
In Kevin Boyle’s book “Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age” he tells the story through the eyes of a black doctor. This doctor was a proud African American who was a slave’s grandson that pushed his way into owning his own home in a white neighborhood in Detroit. Kevin Boyle centers his book around everything that is stated in the title. Arc of Justice is about African American’s struggles while trying to gain equal rights and justice in general during the 1920’s. The 1920’s was a time filled with a lot of racial tension and injustice to pretty much everyone who wasn’t a white male.
A black man committed a violent armed robbery and murder of a white tourist, Mary Ann Stephens, while she visited a local hotel. Mr. Stephens, the only witness and the husband of the victim, identified Brenton Butler, a young black man “lawfully going about [his] own business, not doing anything wrong [who was] stopped and asked to get in a police car” as the murderer (Murder on a Sunday Morning). During questioning, Officer Martin, the police officer who detained
Therefore, If a black man is being charged with a crime against a white woman, there’s little to no chance of getting out of it. The townspeople unfairly discriminate blacks and do not give them the respect they
“The KKK had started recruiting in Detroit in 1921, and since then, their poison had seeped into almost every corner of the city” (24).2 Arc of Justice takes place in an interesting time in Detroit’s history as the 1924 mayoral election was underway2. With an increasing number of Ku Klux Klan members entering the city, there would be a high chance one of its members: Charles Bowles would win the election.4 However, in an effort to battle the political inequality of African Americans in Detroit, Ossain Sweet’s case was supported by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)2. Ossain Sweet’s case was set to be a murder trial, but now it was about civil rights of African Americans2. Since Dr. Sweet won the case, John Smith was re-elected as mayor of Detroit and the Klan’s extremism was deplored. The newly founded NAACP continued to fight for political power for African Americans.
Throughout history, African American men have been treated with less respect than their white counterparts. As years have progressed, and the American people continued to perpetuate this cycle, discomfort in society grew. One of the key developments in this Civil Rights movement was the Rodney King Case. King was an African American man, a simple taxi driver. He was pulled over for speeding and after a prolonger altercation where he allegedly ran from the police he was detained and brutally beaten by four police officers.
The Scottsboro Boys story was about the boys that went to jail for a crime they didn’t commit, which is rape. Throughout their lives in jail they have gone through trials over and over again because people haven’t received justice. Justice is when the right thing or the fair thing has been accomplished. I think the boys have received their justice because throughout the years people have felt pity for the Scottsboro boys when they went through bad things, so they wanted to help them. People have been trying to help the boys to get their justice that they deserve.
The New York Times Bestseller book, Just Mercy, entails true accounts of a young African- American lawyer, Bryan Stevenson, about the unjust criminal justice system of the United States. Stevenson embarks on sharing his first- hand encounters of racial prejudice and corruption against death row inmates and himself. Thus, giving vivid images of how race and social class can play a big part in the fates of people in America. After reading Just Mercy, it has given me a validation of what I’ve already known about the justice system against African-Americans especially in the South, with prior knowledge of accounts about black Americans and the deep bigotry against them. In which, my race plays an immense part of cruelly punishing black Americans without further consideration of the circumstances that led to the crime
“They were all against her … with their tongues cocked and loaded … the only killing tool they are allowed to use in the presence of white folks.” (176) However, the “white folks” of the jury who are responsible for the conviction of Janie exonerate her even though she did in fact commit murder, an actual, illegal crime in society. The reason for this disparity is that the African Americans wish to punish Janie for her crime of marrying Tea Cake and ignoring her own and Tea Cake’s class disparity and social placement (“It was a hope that she might fall to their level some day.”), while the all-white jury does not condemn Janie for the murder of Tea Cake because it occurred between two African Americans, and therefore not a transgression of the social hierarchy according to race. “Well, long as she don’t shoot no white man she kind kill jus’ as many niggers as she please.” (179)
Police officer’s reputations are reduced and they lose the public’s trust as protectors. Specifically, society talks about the act of a white police officer savagely attacking a black citizen. The black population was enraged by this act and formed activist movements to prevent any police brutality brought upon them. As the controversy rise, society starts picking a side to defend. In this case, the nation is split into two sides.