Ap Euro Chapter 15 Outline

Palina Hornaya
Chapters 9 and 10: The French Revolution and Napoleonic Europe
Theme: France, although it was one of the most advanced countries in Europe, quickly fell due to the Enlightenment ideas and people’s critical perspective of their government and society. When Napoleon Bonaparte came to power, he ended the revolution through reforms, and created a French Empire. His political unity and great military skills led to more modern and enlightened reforms in Europe.
Subtheme:
BACKGROUNDS
1. Identification: The Old Regime, or the prerevolutionary social structure, was very feudalistic and was divided into three estates. All Estates had different privileges or obligations. The Enlightenment contributed to the rise in criticism of the society

Relationship to theme: The distinctions between social classes, Enlightenment ideas, and the public opinion during the Old Regime contributed to the start of the revolution. THE REVOLUTION AND THE REORGANIZATION OF FRANCE
1. Identification: In order to help him solve the financial crisis, Louis XVI called for the assembly of the Estates General. The Third Estate formed the National Assembly. The threat of the king led to the arming of the common people by storming the Bastille. After the Constitution of 1791, France became a constituent monarchy.
2. Summary: The French involvement in numerous wars led to government debt. For more than one and a half centuries the Estates General did not meet. The opposition of the king, bad harvest, and high food prices led to a chaos and the Great Fear in the countryside. The National Assembly then began to split into more radical groups such as the Jacobins.
3. Relationship to theme: France was revolutionized by transforming into a constituent monarchy, which benefited more people, and led to the complete abolishment of the king. THE REVOLUTION AND EUROPE: THE WAS AND THE “SECOND” REVOLUTION,

Summary: The first free election of France elected candidates who were vaguely royalist, and most people could not afford having another monarch. Napoleon, through his victories, began to establish his own foreign policies that needed the support of a republican government.
3. Relationship to theme: The inconsistency of a powerful government in France led to the rise of Napoleon and the start of an empirical France.
THE AUTHORITARIAN REPUBLIC: THE CONSULATE, 1799-1804
1. Identification: Napoleon, being in charge of the Consulate, restored France and ended the revolution. His reforms brought back the traditions of the Old Regime, but they also reconstructed France.
2. Summary: Napoleon established new reforms that applied to everyone equally. Napoleon’s enlightened thoughts helped him create the idea that people in a society should be able to move up the social class hierarchy by talent rather than birth or status. 3. Relationship to theme: Napoleon brought back reason to France, and created a more just political system.
THE FORMATION OF THE FRENCH IMPERIAL SYSTEM
1. Identification: Napoleon began to advance and spread French influence. Napoleon also pronounced himself Emperor, and made his empire hereditary. His empire consisted of France, Italy, parts of Germany, a father-in-law who was an Austrian Emperor, and his brother the king of