Task 1 Mental Disorders= is whereby an individual has a mental condition which leads to impairment of the mind and the functioning of that person. This can have an effect on the person’s emotion and personality. Depression Depression is an illness which involves the body, thoughts and mood; this can have an effect on normal functioning daily. There are emotional, motivational, cognitive and physical symptoms which are linked in with depression. There are two types of explanations of depression one is biological and the other is psychological. Biological Explanations of Depression The biological explanations of depression refers to two factors one being neurotransmitter dysfunction and the other being inherited genes. The biological approach towards the neurotransmitter would explain how depression is associated with low levels of serotonin within the brain which would affect the functioning of the brain. This is associated with maladaptive behavior e.g. anger, mood disorder and anxiety. In terms of inherited genes the biological approach …show more content…
Then it has a Believing event - because you have tidied up your room you won the game. Thirdly a Consequence event - an individual has done these routines every sport game and won every match; in which leads to a rational thinking. However, once this Activating event is done prior a game, it may be the day that fate is not on your side in which the sports game is lost. Hence, why an individual would blame themselves saying “because I did not tidy up my room this morning I lost the game for my team mates. It is my entire fault." This will eventually lead to an irrational thinking. In addition to this, Becks (1967) cognitive triad states that an individual blames others, the world and then eventually
The idea that neural activity and lack of serotonin production can be a propel for depression,
Questioning the Incomprehensible Mental illness is defined as health conditions involving changes in thinking, emotion or behavior (or a combination of these) (American Psychiatric Association). There are different types of depression and they effect people differently also. With major depression working, sleeping, eating and spending time with friends and family becomes difficult to do because there is the constant feeling of hopelessness. Seeing that I have family and friends who suffer from depression, I wanted to learn more and see why people who are depressed think the way they do, what goes on inside their head to make them feel hopeless and if medication is the only way to help deal with depression even though for some people medicine doesn’t fully help them. What is the science behind depression and what makes a person’s brain chemistry without depression different from someone who suffer with depression?
Mood disorders are among the most prevalent forms of mental illness. Severe forms of depression affect 2%–5% of the U.S. population, and up to 20% of the population suffers from milder forms of the illness. Depression is almost twice more common in females than males. ( (Nestler et al., 2002). Depression is often described as a stress-related disorder, and there is good evidence that episodes of depression often occur in the context of some form of stress.
The idea that depression is caused by a lack of brain serotonin may not only back evidence to back it up, but it could also reduce stigma associated with mental illness. Studies such as that conducted by R. E. Kendell (2014) have time and again shown that there is a strong correlation between how mental illness is perceived in a social environment and individual’s willingness to seek help. By explaining the reasons for depression with biological concepts such as a lack of serotonin, people may be more inclined to respect mental illnesses such as depression on the same level as a physical illness. In fact, this distinction between “physical” and “mental” illness is likely to damage patients in the long run by lowering their self-esteem significantly
There are different models to mental health offering a different explanations, approaches and interventions. The Diseased/Medical/Biological model has the belief that mental abnormalities are caused by biochemical, physiological or genetic causes, and therefore, treatment is through medical procedures such as drug therapy, ECT or brain surgery. Genetics studiessuggest that mental health problems are inherited from parents and there is evidence to support this. Neuroimaging states that structural changes in the brain can cause mental illness.
Cause As stated before depression is on a complex spectrum of mood disorders. There is no single definition so describe depression. There is no one form of it either, the fluidity of this mood disorder covers a wide area of disorders. Just like depression is a multidimensional disorder it also multidimensional when it comes to causation. However it is understood to be caused by a combination of genetic, biologic, environmental and psychological factors (Health, 2011).
Depression occurs when the passing of these messages doesn’t work right. Serotonin controls mood, appetite and sleep. Research has found that people with lower than normal levels of Serotonin have depression. The more serotonin that stays in the synapse for the receiving neuron the more normal mood functioning. Dopamine, controls thought and emotion and helps control movement and the flow of information around the brain.
Research has shown that there is a significant difference between overlay forming and implementation mindset when it comes to the perceived sensitivity of the risks and benefits. For example, in several studies involving students, participants were asked to consider a number of events, such as being in a car accident, develop alcohol problems, losing a partner to premature death, or being robbed. Students who had founded to be in the implementation mindset exhibited more pronounced illusions of invulnerability than they had founded to be the deliberative mindset.16 None of these claims means that a person is capable of deliberation when she adopted a plan or a goal. The thinking is cognitive guidelines, but they do not take over the mental life agents plan.
An article “Depression changes structure of the brain, study suggests” conducted by the University of Edinburgh seeks to show that depression causes the structure of the brain to change. Depression is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act (American Psychiatric Association, 2017) and some symptoms include feeling sad over a period of time, loss of interest in previous activities, thoughts of suicide, etc. To conduct an experiment to show that depression changed the structure of the brain, over three thousand (3000) participants from across the United Kingdom were invited to take part in the experiment. Some of them were classed or labeled as “depressed” due to their medical history whilst the others were perfectly healthy and showed no signs of depression at all. These participants were required to undergo a new technique known as diffusion tensor imaging to map the structure of
Understanding the relationship between of culture on psychopathology has been topic of considerable interest. Psychologists have been divided into two main schools, the first being the perspective of cultural relativism i.e. abnormal behaviour must be interpreted within the cultural framework in which the behaviour is happening. It believes that psychopathology and culture are interwoven. The second view believes that culture is important to understand the context in which the behaviour is happening, however there are cross culture similarities as well as universalities in the experience as well as the outcome of psychological disorders.
People are selfish, cruel, and have become blind on how other people are thinking or even feeling deep inside their very own heads. The chemical imbalance that occurs within the brain isn’t relatively caused by a traumatic experience such as the death of a person, or heartbreak, or even loneliness but it can also come out of nowhere. For no specific reason and I’m afraid that in my case it’s exactly what happened. For some people there are no warning signs, no heads up the only thing you would ever feel is deep emptiness and sometimes the ultimate feeling of nothing at all not a single care in the world as you let the emotions fill you up with hopelessness and sudden fear. This is where depression’s best friend our sweet beloved anxiety comes to play though one of the things I have learned is that if you live with one or the other you would either feel very lost or extremely anxious, but you happen to be one of those people who have both!
Often clients will come through the door after suffering from depression for a large proportion of their adult lives. As we explore the depression and where the depression may have come from, many questions are thrown up. Every thought, feeling and emotion arises for a reason and depression is no different. If a client can ask themselves what is depression? and work out the meaning of their depression, I believe they will be one step closer to coming to terms with the depression and subsequently will start to come through it.
Factors that likely contribute to depressive disorder include genetics, chemical, biological, psychological, social and environmental factors. Chronic illnesses, such as cancer, likewise have a tendency to come with depression. Significant life stressors, for example, the loss of employment or the death of a friend or family member can bring about depression.
History of Depression Depression has always been around, but it has not always been seen as separate from other types of mental illnesses. Due to this the origin can not be traced to a certain time period, so one would also have to pay attention to the development of psychiatry as a whole. Changing of scientific knowledge of depression occurs due to changing of attitudes of that time period, mainly ideas about human behavior, which are not directly connected with science. Depression was initially called “melancholia”. The earliest account of depression appeared in ancient texts of Mesopotamia in the second millennium B.C.
Studies on adopted children with biological parents that had depression support the idea that it is more likely that a person will develop depression at one point of life if his/her blood relative once suffered from this illness. The contribution of the genetic factor to the etiology of depression is obvious, but at the same time the method of inheritance is still complex and unclear. For now, we have failed to pinpoint the actual DNA sequence or location of potential depression genes since it is in fact quite difficult. It is most likely that genes do not directly cause depression, but act as a trigger to some biological situations, which causes it by initiating overproduction or decrease of certain neurobiological