This study attempt to provide complete understanding of the contemporary terrorism by utilizing theoretical perspective specially tells us about the political realities and identical actions and realities of the society which are constructed by human beings they are not inherently exist in society.
This essay will analyze how in post 9/11 public discourse. “Terrorism” is constructed. We use language to structure our world. Language not only determines how we see the world, but also what kinds of actions are possible. It functions as an instrument of power and groups struggling for domination use language to create and maintain a hegemonic regime of truth. Terrorism could be viewed as a “construct.” produced by particular social actors to serve
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The root cause for the anger towards the West was the historic failure of the Arab world to embrace the achievements of modernity: democracy, capitalism and science.
The moral criticism of the 9/11 terrorist acts was clear in the US. In the post 9/11 According to public’s point of view they can understand the word terrorism and it is designed for some evil purposes and this act is morally wrong. It is often argued that it is used for evil purposes all the time and that terrorism is essentially always the same irrespective of the context it emerges from. The consequence of the 9/11 is that the question of “terrorism.” is seen in strict, morally absolute categories. One must criticize terrorism, or it is clear that one embraces it.
After the following years of 9/11 attacks conceptualization of terrorism become taken a specific ‘’common sense’’. It is general assumption that terrorism exists in all over the world. This view is more dominant in western societies. And this is called as orthodox view. Over the past years orthodox view has shaped or worked on both sides firstly on public discourse and secondly on policy, making it as perceived as objective and universal. Yet opposite to this conventional view there are other ways to conceptualize
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And these institutions again shaped these communities with the changing dynamics. There no hard and fast rules for measuring good or bad, right or wrong. Rather this is all about consideration of getting the things in a good way or wrong way; it’s all about the view points in which we take the things good or bad. Our perceptions of reality sometime based on communities identities that portray something as right or wrong. Norms and institutions change with the time and add new things in it and taking multiple forms according to social context. Language have very important factor in creating world communities. Language functions as an instrument used for normalizing the worldviews. Through language identities are created and maintained, and as such, language is never neutral. From the social constructivists view ‘’terrorism’’ is constructed by some special group who want to achieve some particular goals through some instruments. And they also want to get some political needs. .“Terrorism” in terrorism discourse is created by the process of inter-group communication and interplay of political interests and aspirations for power. It is socially and politically produced and it is a process of communication at rooted in language and this have shared
A great terror struck our nation September 11, 2001, two aircraft’s hit the world trade centers, killing 2000 people and injuring over twice as many. A third aircraft flew into the Pentagon while a fourth crashed in a rural area in Pennsylvania. This day will forever be engrained into history as one of the worst terror attacks faced in this nation. Nearly three years later, in an attempt to figure out what happened on that tragic day, scholars came together to discuss the possible parallels between foreign and domestic terrorist. The author, Michael Kimmel, outlines the possible cause of the 2001 attacks and offers us a link between both foreign and domestic terrorism.
Language helps spread and reinforce ideologies and hegemony among humans by a segregation of dominant and non-dominant groups. It is the powerful groups or individuals that usually control language. What I mean by this, is that dominant individuals expect less dominant individuals to adjust to their own language. This does not only happen between organizations but on the everyday talk in which we express our experiences by discursive
The events of 9/11 were a highly significant tragedy that had profound global implications. The attacks on the Twin Towers resulted in an immense loss of life, with 2,977 deaths, numerous casualties, and extensive destruction. Beyond the immediate human toll, the attacks triggered far-reaching changes in society and government. They prompted violent military responses and led to the establishment of Homeland Security in the US, accompanied by counter-terrorism campaigns and the enactment of the USA Patriot Act under President George Bush. Moreover, the attacks harmed Islamic views, increasing stereotypes and biases.
In Richard Kearney’s article “Terror, Philosophy and The Sublime”, he begins with the statement “how can we understand the ‘terror’ of September 11th?” (23), Kearney begins to summarize the event of September 11th and the decision the United States made after the attack. In his second paragraph he relates his own experience from visiting a exhibition about “Terrors and Wonders” showing the representation of different monsters and how we see them today. Kearney uses his personal experience by trying to understand the “terror” of September 11th along with extensive research to show his credibility. The rhetorical appeals of logos, pathos and ethos creates an argument showing readers how we as americans are able to get through a monstrous situation.
Countries and Terrorism British Prime Minister ,Tony Blair,in his speech,following September 11,2001, acknowledges terrorism during and after September 11,2001 occured. Blair’s speech is to emphasize how countries will come together and fight against terrorism or any object that will try to take us down. Blair’s speech was effective in persuading American’s to overcome tragedies because of pathos,parallelism,and connotation. Blair uses pathos in his speech and is talking about how people are more protecting of nations from crisis in the world also casts on how people are more interpendent than ever. American’s who are willing to sacrifice for America is really blessed.
After 9/11 the question of terrorism was very important. Ever more terrorist camps emerged, planning to threat the world with chemical, nuclear, etc. weapons. Some governments like North Korea and Iraq were said to "sponsor terror" and shatter the world peace. Bush Jr. stated that America's troops are training other countries' armies to fight terrorism. A big amount of the USA's budget was spent on the strengthening of the army and weapons to protect its citizens and also to help other states.
Lera Boroditsky, a professor at Stanford, introduces readers to the question of whether a person’s language can shape their thought processes and views of the world around them through her research conducted at Stanford and MIT. Boroditsky explores further into the questioning about a language’s influence in her article “Lost in Translation”. Boroditsky proves to an audience of broad audience of scholars and people interested in cultural psychology that a person’s language not only influences the way a person thinks but can change a person’s perception of the world and media around them. Lera Boroditsky, through her use of rhetorical questions, comparisons, and addressing the counterargument achieves her purpose of proving that language does
Introduction: “Our language is the reflection of ourselves. A language is an exact reflection of the character and growth of its speakers.” Those who access to the great potential of literature and language attain widespread liberation and selfhood. This reward allows people to formulate and trigger defiance from the conscious subjugation they have fallen subject to. Language also however, can be used as a tool of power itself whether it be by oppressive reigning powers or a moral code.
Using the framework of the Copenhagen school, this essay will analyze the securitization of terrorism in Peru, considering that for an issue to be securitized it is important to have a speech act, an actor that claims that an issue is existentially a threat, demanding to take extraordinary countermeasures to deal with the threat, and convincing an audience that breaking rules is justified to counter the threat. Securitization of Terrorism in
September 11th, 2001, left a devastating impact on not only the United States, but worldwide. Many families had been separated and many souls were lost in what was one of the most terroristic events that has ever happened on American ground. As two planes crashed into the Twin Towers located in New York, thousands of people would be left stuck in the crumbling building, some able to escape, while others were not as lucky. In an essay by Peter Bergen called “Could it Happen Again? In the National Interest”, Bergen highlights inside details of the fatal attack and what caused Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda to reign its terror on the Twin Towers.
After a terrorist attack of any kind there are always consequences that must be faced. Sometimes the point of the terrorist attacks is because the organization wished to send a message or to influence policy in their favor. However, after the 9/11 attacks administrators realized that the United States was not prepared for a tragedy of this kind and had little to no measures to prevent one, this lead them to create new programs and policies. Terrorist organization’s goal often comes down to one of the following: regime change, territorial change, policy change, social control and status quo maintenance. The main purpose of a terror attack may well be to influence public policy.
Terror is used to draw attention of the local population, the government and the world to their cause. Terrorists plan their moves tactically; they choose targets that symbolize what they oppose, so as to win great publicity. It is the government’s or public’s reaction which determines the effectiveness of the terrorist act. Tactics used in Terrorism Terrorists aim at instilling
Language is a direct indicator of power; those who are adept in controlling the language are able to exploit the ignorance of those under them and thus assert their dominance. As demonstrated throughout
Why do they continue using terrorism to achieve their political goal? Fromkin (1986) affirms their goal is to frighten, paralyze, persuade, and exhaust the adversary, and achieve popular support. However, trying to find a common cause of through a comparative analysis of different cases of terrorism, Crenshaw (1981) proposes a three levels of analysis to explain why terrorists chose terror to advance their ideas: (1)environment, (2)political, social and economic situation, and (3) physiological. Crenshaw states the objectives for terror actions are: disrupt and discredit the processes of government, affect public attitudes, provoke a counter reaction from the government, to win public support, opponents, appeal for sympathy, impress an audience, or promote the adherence of new people to become terrorists. In addition, the author argues that the most basic reason for terrorism is to gain recognition or attention (p. 386), and today more than ever, they can get the recognition and attention needed through Social Medea.
What happens in a terrorist attack affects many people in the world. The aftermath of an attack is what has the largest impact on people’s lives. However, terrorism does not have the same effect on everyone. The threat is not taken as seriously by some people. Some might think that it is an empty threat, but others might think it is a serious threat.