UNIT ONE: AUSTRALIA POST 1945
CONTEMPORARY ABORIGINAL SPIRITUALITIES
• Aboriginal spiritualty as determined by the Dreaming
The Dreaming:
- The Dreaming is the root of Aboriginal spirituality and is important to every Aboriginal culture and societies.
- The Dreaming is term used to label all knowledge and understanding in Aboriginal societies.
- The Dreaming gives the Aboriginal people a way to explain on how the world came to be.
- The Dreaming is communicated through art, song, dance, story, ritual and kinship systems. Kinship:
- Kinship ties is a complex system of belonging, relationships and responsibilities within a clan that are based on the Dreaming.
- Kinship is determined by both family relationships
- It is also determined by a
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- The land is the physical aspect, where the Dreaming is lived and communicated.
- The land is a resting place for ancestral spirit beings.
- There are ritual responsibilities connected with sacred sites, known as balance rites.
- A sacred site is the land upon which particular event in the Dreaming took place.
- Aboriginal people’s sense of identity is linked with the land.
• Continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualties in relation to:
Separation from land:
- The English settlers took away Aboriginal peoples sacred land, which caused them to lose meaning to their life and the connection they had with it.
- The policy of protection meant that Aboriginals must live where the white settlers tell them to which took the freedom of movement away.
- Their relationship and empathy with the land had been damaged. Everything in the Aboriginal life became meaningless.
- The aim to take the Aborignal’s land away was to destroy their religion and spiritual links.
Separation from kinship groups:
- Kinship groups are important in the Aboriginal culture due to the fact that kinship connects the family and clan together that give rights, roles and responsibilities within a
Explain three of the key features (or aspects) of Australian Indigenous Spirituality Dreaming- The dreaming is a big part of what aboriginals believe. The Dreaming is still present in a parallel spirit world that is called “everywhen”. This parallel world can be connected to the present world through rituals that celebrate the activities of the Spiritual-beings. These stories were passed down from generation to generation.
A system that is based on relationships such as ceremonial roles, funeral roles and who marries each other within the Aboriginal community. Family within the Aboriginal community is based on the kinship system where everyone is related to each other based on their beliefs and customs. Taking children away from their families and fostering them out to eligible organisations. This started as early as when the Europeans started to settle on the land. The children were used as servants or to work the land.
Additionally, in this article, Ball details the importance of understanding Apache sacred places, along with how they play a role in continuation and development of their culture. Ball explains that the religious ceremonies of the Apache's are intimately connected to physical locations, as they coincide with spiritual encounters, dreams, and visions. Likewise, certain spiritual revelations are also connected to very specific locations and different types of physical landscapes. Ball also reveals the connection between spiritual experiences/relationship and the physical world, which implies that this connection is dominant in Apache
Freedom of Speech, the right to vote, and the right to equality in public places. These are all basic rights that everyone in this world should have. All over the world, including in Australia discrimination of these rights occurred for the native people of the land. This happened because of their race and skin colour.
Essay Outline The human race that inhabited the lands earlier than anyone else, Aboriginals in Canada had conquered many obstacles which got them to what they are today. In the past, Canadian Aboriginals have dealt with many gruesome issues that primarily involved the Canadians opposing them or treating them like ‘‘wards.’’ The Indian Act is a written law which controls the Indian’s lives and it is often amended several times to make Indian lives either peaceful or cruel but especially, cruel. Aboriginals found the Indian Act a massive problem in their lives due to it completely controlling them and how they lived on their reserve.
In addition, the right of Aboriginal communities and leaders to function in accordance with their own customs, traditions, laws, and cultures was taken away by
The Aboriginal Tent Embassy is a valid, thought-provoking and peaceful protest movement which, although not entirely successful, remains an important means of keeping indigenous issues in the public focus. YET TO FINISH INTRO The Aboriginal Tent Embassy was erected to campaign for a valid, thought-provoking cause using peaceful means. The Embassy’s creation on January 26, 1972 launched a campaign for land and royalties after Prime Minister McMahon announced that the government would not recognise land rights through legislation. (Schaap, n.d.)
Between 1937 and 1965, it would be rare to see every Aboriginal person truly express his or her happiness. Although there were improvements to some Aborigines’ lives, the Policy of Assimilation did not ameliorate the lives of most Aboriginal Australians between 1937 and 1965. The assimilation policy conveys the idea of white superiority and black inferiority, manifesting racial inequality and discrimination against Aboriginal Australians. Assimilation policies prompted the forcible removal of Aboriginal children, decreased and oppressed the Aboriginal population and their culture and Aborigines had lacking rights to citizenship. The negative impacts evidently preponderate the positives (if any).
Belonging to the land and to each other is fundamental to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and their culture. Connections with the land, families, clans and communities are at the core of Aboriginality. It is through these connections that nurture belonging from which Aboriginal peoples identities and cultures emerge.
Far from being genetic, being Indigenous is linked to a particular place. As time moves forward, many Indigenous people find themselves separated from the territories traditionally occupied by their ancestors and living in multicultural settings, thus bringing new ingredients to a contemporary Indigenous identity. (Weaver 2014:1) One’s land is a base for one’s identity. They earn their livelihood from their land.
The poem My Mother The Land by Phill Moncrieff poetically describes the struggles the aboriginal people faced with loss of their country, culture, identity, people and place at the hands of the European people and colonisation throughout history. Overall the poem effectively positions the reader to feel sympathy and empathy toward the aboriginal people and strong antipathy towards the European people furthermore it helps the reader understand the importance of country, culture, identity, people and place to the aboriginal
Aboriginal identity, mental health and suicide rates were outlined throughout this analysis along with the disgusting lack of government aid. As stated above, the aboriginals from the Kattawapiskak River have a strong sense of identity. The persons on these reserves are proud of their traditions and practice resilience in their faith and values, however, the physical and emotional pain these people are put through will soon break their spirits. They can only ask for help from the government so many times before it will be too
Since colonisation in 1788 Europeans believed the Aboriginal peoples to be a primitive race with no societal structures in place because their system did not resemble one that was recognizable or fit within it did not resemble a system that was recognizable by white settlers. National identity is believed to be a general concept that referred to a broad set of codes with a shared understanding within a nation, and the sense of belonging that is reinforced through myths, symbols, media activities, and everyday practices (Carter, 2006, p. 7; Van Krieken et al., 2017, pp. 234-244). Australia is now regarded as a diverse country with an identity that has evolved over time and will continue to do so. For Indigenous Australians to conform to this national identity, they had to assimilate and give up their values, beliefs, and cultural rights to become more like white Australia.
Can you imagine being a child that has been forced to grow up without the loving care and influence of their mother and father? We as a nation need to recognise what we did wrong, and make it right. We need to find a way to live together in harmony with the rightful owners of this land, and restore the sense of community, responsibility, freedom, and love in the Aboriginal
“Dream interpretation” is the term used to describe the process of interpreting a dream by a dreamer (client), with the help of a therapist. Psychoanalyst uses this technique in therapy as a means of helping their clients understand themselves better. The initial and most important work on this topic has been done by three psychoanalysts: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), is known as the father of psychology because of his vast contribution to the field of psychology. He was among the first to work extensively with dreams and to use it in therapeutic sessions.