“....I believe in immersing the Indian in our civilization and when we get them under, holding them there until they are thoroughly soaked.”, said Richard Henry Pratt. Richard Pratt founded the United States’ first indian boarding school. Carlisle Indian Industrial School was established in the year of 1879 in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Indian Boarding Schools were created to decimate traditional indian culture, and replace it with white, american culture. There were a plethora of indian boarding schools established in the United States. For instance, Concho Indian Boarding School in Concho,Oklahoma , Sante Fe Indian School in Santa Fe, New Mexico, or or Stewart Indian School in Carson City, Nevada. These schools spanned all over the United States. In these schools, Native American children, taken from their homes and families, were taught mathematics and english, as well as trivial subjects such as farming and sewing. These schools served as a way to eliminate the culture of Native Americans. …show more content…
“Kill the Indian in him, and save the man.”, said Richard Henry Pratt. This belief is redolent of the treatment of Native Americans within indian schools. Indian Schools used gentrification as their method of eliminating Native American culture. “ ...long braids worn by indian boys were cut off ...the children were given new ‘white names’...traditional native foods abandoned...forbidden to speak their native languages…”, all aspects that indicated any native american culture were abandoned. The purpose of indian schools, to force Native Americans to conform to “american” customs, was fulfilled through these actions. Children were forced to abandon their own religion, and attend sunday school . However, the Religious Freedom Act of 1934 restricted schools from forcing religion onto the schools, albeit many schools continued to do
Within the assimilation policy in the residential school system, native are forced to get rid of their language, culture and society through mental and physical abuse. Consequently, every aspect of European life which includes language, behaviour and belief has deeply impressed Aboriginal children where. In the article “Indian Princess #134: Cultural Assimilation at St. Joseph’s Mission,” Jennifer Mitchell presents a specific example about her mother’s experience in the residential school in Where. She also provides some clues that Aboriginal people have been compelled to throw away their own lifestyles, otherwise they would be punished by missionaries. According to the vivid description of the life at St.Joseph’s Mission, Mitchell draws a
In 1918 the Carlisle Indian Industrial School shut its doors permanently. What remains of this experiment started by Richard Henry Pratt are not just buildings, but ghosts and scars that refuse to be forgotten. The structures that once constituted this exploratory school now stand where the Carlisle Army Barracks are situated today, and while it may seem as if the only observable aspects to remind us of the past are tombstones and markers, the stories still swirl in this town that became flooded with the desire to assimilate Native Americans. Pratt believed Indians possessed the ability to become a complimentary asset to American society if they received the proper education. He insisted that it was necessary to remove the Indians from the confines of the reservation in order to separate them from their culture and traditions, and transplant them to a setting that encouraged the Native Americans to learn the English language, to work for a living, as well as become useful members of society.
The creation of the boarding schools at the start of the 20th century was used to “Civilize and Americanize” Native children so that they could function in American society. (Little Elk) They wanted to culturally transform the Lakota children and make them civilized to American customs. The education they received in boarding schools was also encouraged cultural assimilation, where the Lakota children did not speak their native tongue but English. The Lakota children were only trained to function in specific fields.
Amongst the Great Plains of the United States were four groups of Indian tribes who dominated for years. In the South you had the Comanche Indians, in the central part of the plains you had the Arapaho and Cheyenne, and the tribe who roamed the northern plains were the almighty Sioux Indians. These four tribes roamed the plains and dominated in their sectors of the country. Now even though these tribes did not believe in ‘owning’ land they did believe in dominating the land. The way the tribes saw it then is the same way we see it now as putting a price on air, to them it wasn 't possible.
In the same text, Madley says that the stock grazing that white settlers engaged in “destroyed traditional Yuki food sources while denying them access to what remained.” (Madley, 314) Consequently, the settlement policies, mass murders, and abductions led to the genocide of the Yuki and erased much of their culture. Cultural genocide was also committed toward indigenous Native Americans in the form of boarding schools. In “American Indian Boarding Schools in the United States: A Brief History and Their Current Legacy,” Lajimodiere says that the purpose of boarding schools was to assimilate American Indians and sever their connections to their family and culture. (Lajimodiere, 257)
Causes, issues, and groups involved The conflict with the aboriginal people of Canada is seen to have begun with the official Indian Act of 1875. However for decades prior to the Indian Act the population of Canada had been aiming to get the indigenous population to assimilate to the new, more modern European settler lifestyle and cultural ideals. Prior to the Indian Act, there was the Gradual Citizens act which was passed in 1857. These laws and acts became the basis of the modern Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Canada.
In the speech “Kill the Indian, and Save the Man”, Captain Richard Pratt claims that the savagery of the Indians poses a problem to the advancement of the American society. He argues that their surroundings including language, superstition, and lifestyle cause this problem. TO support his claim, he provides the example of an Indian and White infant. He states that raising them in opposite environments will result in the acquisition of their respective qualities. Pratt proposes the solution of sending Indians to boarding schools, so they can gradually become civilized.
Indian Ground It all started with the Womack Family. Many years ago in deep east Texas there was a ranch that the family had purchased. There was more than enough land and the house was unimaginably beautiful. The father who was named Timothy wanted to raise cattle.
In the 1800s, Native Americans were oppressed because they were deemed to be “uncivilized” barbaric human beings. In order for Native Americans to become assimilated into the “white mans” culture of that time, Native American children were enrolled into boarding schools. Students in these boarding schools have had both positive and negative experiences. In the novel, Recovering Native American Writings in the Boarding School Press, by Jacqueline Emery, Henry Caruthers Roman Nose reflects on his experience in the boarding school through essays, and in the novel, American Indian Stories, Legends and Other Writings, Zitkala-Sa reflects on her experience through different types of writings. Despite how Henry Caruthers Roman Nose found boarding
These schools were part of a plan devised by well-intentioned, eastern reformers led by Herbert Welsh and Henry Pancoast who also helped establish organizations such as the Board of Indian Commissioners, the Boston Indian Citizenship Association, and the Women’s National Indian Association. The goal of these reformers was to use education as a tool to “assimilate” Indian tribes into the mainstream of the “American way of life;” the Protestant Republican ideology of the mid-19th century. Indian people would be taught the importance of private property, material wealth and monogamous nuclear families. The reformers assumed that it was necessary to “civilize” Indian people, make them accept white men’s beliefs and value
These schools have been described as an instrument to wage intellectual, psychological, and cultural warfare to turn Native Americans into “Americans”. There are many reports of young Native Americans losing all cultural belonging. According to an interview with NPR, Bill Wright was sent to one of these schools. He lost his hair, his language, and then his Navajo name. When he was able to return home, he was unable to understand or speak to his grandmother.
At the founding of Carlisle Indian School, Native Americans were just beginning to be treated like actual people, but it was still a slow transition. In the attempts to assimilate the Native American people, the Carlisle Indian School essentially scooped up Native American children from their homes and brought them into a Military regimented boarding school, which would be difficult even for white American youth. Culturally, these Indian children were forced to leave all that they had been taught in their native lands behind, and had to start anew with the European-American lifestyle. This transition did not go smoothly especially because changing was against most of these young native’s will. Punishment for breaking any of these strict rules was confinement in prison-like cells.
Captain Pratts's Speech promoting Native American Boarding schools is wrong. Captain Pratt is brainwashing them and making Indians forget their own culture. "Kill the Indian in him, and save the man. " This quote shows how Captail Pratt doesn't allow Indian culture and wants to get rid of it.
The nature of these boarding schools was to assimilate young Native Americans into American culture, doing away with any “savageness” that they’re supposedly predisposed to have. As Bonnin remembers the first night of her stay at the school, she says “I was tucked into bed with one of the tall girls, because she talked to me in my mother tongue and seemed to soothe me” (Bonnin 325). Even at the beginning of such a traumatic journey, the author is signaling to the audience the conditioning that she was already under. Bonnin instinctively sought out something familiar, a girl who merely spoke in the same “tongue” as her. There are already so few things that she has in her immediate surroundings that help her identify who and what she is, that she must cling to the simple familiarities to bring any semblance of comfort.
They think it is important to civilize the Indian, to make them look like white men's beliefs and value. • The primacy of the boarding school was let them learn reading, writing, and speaking English language. • Religious training in Christianity will be educated. • The main goal was to destroy all remains of Indian culture.