Genetic And Environmental Influences On Autism

Autism, or autism spectrum disorder, refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication, as well as by unique strengths and differences. We now know that there is not only one autism type, but many types caused by a combination of genetic and environmental influences. The term spectrum reflects the wide variation in challenges and strengths possessed by each person with autism. The centers for Disease control and prevention estimates autism 's prevalence as 1 in 68 children in the United states. This includes 1 in 42 boys and 1 in 89 girls. Autism 's most obvious signs tend to appear between 2 and 3 years of age. In some cases, it can be diagnosed as early as 18

The timing and severity of autism 's first symptoms can vary widely. Some children with autism show hints of future problems within the first few months of life. In others, symptoms may not become obvious until 24 months or later. Some children with autism appear to develop normally until around 18 to 24 months of age and then stop gaining new skills and/or start losing skills. Some developmental delays associated with autism can be identified and addressed even earlier. Research suggests that autism often develops from a combination of genetic and no genetic, or environmental, influences. These influences appear to increase the risk that a child will develop autism. However, it 's important to keep in mind that increased risk is not the same as cuase. For example, some gene changes associated with autism can also be found in people who don 't have the disorder. Similarly, not everyone exposed to an environmental risk factor for autism will develop the disorder.