The Crusades were a series of military and religious expeditions to reconquer the holy land of Jerusalem. They were led by the Christians and were meant to get the land back into Christian power and get rid of the ruling Muslims. From 1000 to 1400 over a dozen Crusades took place from all across Europe, where hundreds of thousands of soldiers fought, however, there were three major Crusades. Pope Urban II encouraged his people to join the first Crusade and started the biggest series of battles ever to take place. As a result of the first Crusade, four Christian kingdoms were created. The third Crusade was led by Richard the Lion-Hearted and resulted in a truce between the Christians and Muslims. King Philip, Richard the Lion-Hearted, and Frederick …show more content…
It is an incendiary and often explosive device causing mass destruction. In the novel, during the siege of Jerusalem, Greek fire was the most common weapon used because of its powerful effects and simplicity to make. In the book, people were screaming as Greek fire fell on them, which was poured from above out of a tower. The author describes the sight of burning bodies and smell of burning flesh across the battlefield. This evidence is realistic, “Greek Fire was a flammable compound used in warfare by the Byzantine Empire with devastating effects against the fleets and armies of its enemies”(Streissguth). Both sources agree Greek Fire was a terrorizing and violent weapon used throughout Medieval Warfare. The Byzantine empire was able to thrive in Medieval Europe for over a thousand years because of military advancements like Greek fire. Also, because the Byzantines were located between the Mediterranean and the Black sea, during the Crusades, Greek fire rapidly spread from empire to empire, making Greek fire one of the most common weapons used during the time period. Greek Fire ultimately was the deciding factor of the Christians defeating the Muslims because of the drastic impact it had in many battles, including the first and the second Arab siege of Constantinople lasting from
Byzantine Religion Video Research Page Source #1: "Byzantine Empire." Ancient History Encyclopedia. Livius, 28 Apr. 2011. Web. 6 Oct. 2015. .
Muslims holding control of Jerusalem angered Christians. The Byzantine empire asked the Pope of the Western empire for help in taking control back. The Pope agreed and promised wealth and forgiven sins for those who fought in the war. Even though Christians completely showed their loyalty to Christ during the Crusades
The First Crusade was the initial crusade to make an effort to retake the Holy Land. " The Cumans, like all barbarians, being fickle and inconsistent by nature, were persuaded by his arguments and reached Adrianopolis,"
Introduction: Provide background information on the Crusades, restate the DBQ question, state thesis with reasons. (include academic vocabulary and underline) The results of the Crusades was probably more negative than positive. In “Doc 4”, It states that “Moreover, the assault of one Christian people on another, when one of the goals of the Fourth Crusade was reunion of Greek and Latin churches, made the split between the Greek and Latin churches permanent.” The Crusades had a lot of hatred to the religions, and by 1204 the Crusaders had lost some of their appeal because the knights agreed to attack the Byzantine Capital instead.
Pope Urban II’s speech at Clermont in 1095 was a call to crusade given outdoors to the nobles, commoners and church leaders of the Western European Christians (the Franks). The people were moved by this speech and it changed history, launching the first crusade to capture Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks. After hearing Pope Urban II’s speech, thousands of Western European Christians were moved to embark on the dangerous journey and fight in the crusade. I believe the main reasons they were moved and persuaded to fight was; 1) they felt it was their Christian duty, 2) Pope Urban promised them absolution for their sins and 3) they felt compelled to defend Christianity, their holy land and the Eastern Christians.
Three kings who have joined the crusade have not achieved much due to Emperor Frederick Barbarossa dying and King Phillip II returning to Europe. The lone king, King Richard I, failed to retake the city but instead has taken a deal from Saladin to keep control of the lands north of Jaffa. Pope Innocent III called for a new crusade that is being mostly led by French Knights. We set out for the Holy Lands in 1202 but the Knights became distracted with information by the Venetian lords about the wealth in Constantinople.
In 1189 the 3rd Crusade, also known as The Kings’ Crusade, began. This was an attempt by European leaders to regain the Holy Land from Saladin. England, France, and the Roman Empire were to go against The Byzantine Empire, the Empire of Cyprus and Saladin to recapture Jerusalem. The Crusade was based mainly around Levant and Anatolia. The 3rd Crusade ended in 1192 with the Muslims still having control of Jerusalem.
In 1198, Pope Innocent III preached the Fourth Crusade to reinstate Christian lands and recapture Jerusalem. Under Innocent III, for the first time in the history of the Crusades, the pope taxed the church in order to collect money for the war. In this Crusade, advocates followed Richard the Lionheart’s procedure and travel by sea rather than by land. As a result, crusaders leased vessels from Venice. Instead of going to the Holy Land, the Crusaders attacked Zara and Constantinople in order to acquire money to pay their debt and fulfill selfish reasons.
The purpose of the Crusades were for political and economic gain because of the military threat from the Muslims, potential resulting success, and control of Jerusalem. One of the political and economic benefits of the Crusades was the defeat of Muslim enemies. In Pope Urban II’s 1095 speech that asked for recruits, it stated, “They have occupied more and more of the lands of those Christians, and have overcome them in seven battles. They have killed and captured many, and have destroyed the churches and devastated the empire” (Document 1). Pope Urban II wanted Christians to go to the Middle East to fight because Arabs and Turks attacked their fellow Christians and conquered Christian land.
Many things happened during the crusades. First crusaders left there families, the women and children where left to fend for themselves. In the first and only successful crusade the crusaders killed all Muslim inhabitants of Jerusalem. Although the crusaded was successful, within 46 years the land had to be fought for agin. All thought there was other crusades they still didn 't manage regain the holy land.
The Crusades were successful failures because they did not meet many of their goals, but left lasting effects. The Crusades was an attempt by the Roman Catholic Church to regain the Holy Lands from the Muslims. They believed they were fighting for god and all sins would be forgiven and defend the Byzantine Empire from the Turks. The first Crusade (1096 -1099) was successful for the Christians because they had a clear and organized religious based purpose. Crusaders the Christian armies were able to hold Jerusalem and in the process led to a massacre of Jews.
The Christian View vs. The Muslim View of the Crusades The crusades were a set of different military actions that were sanctioned by the Catholic Church and the papacy. Their intention was to recapture Holy Lands they believed were rightfully theirs from the Muslim people that had invaded it. As any attack on a large group of people would do, every major group was affected. The Christians had their own reasons and beliefs for going on these Crusades.
All things are capable of change in our world, and the symbolism of fire in Lord of the Flies is no different. In the book a group of boys land on a deserted island in the middle of nowhere. They try to build a society built on the ideas of the adult society they came from. At first the boys seemed to be structured and ordered, but soon their primal instincts of savagery came out changing their system into a horrifying nightmare. Throughout Lord of the Flies, the strength and purpose of the fire created by the boys seems to be a meter of the boys connection to civilization, where towards the beginning it is strong and valiant, and then slowly loses its importance and burns out and finally it encircles the whole island due to its savage purposes
The Crusades were expeditions done by the Roman Catholic Church in alliance with Middle-Age Kingdoms and Empires. There were a total of nine Crusades during the period of 1095 to 1291, led by Saladin, Richard I "the Lionheart" of England, Pope Urban II, Frederick I the Holy Roman Emperor, etc. At first, the Crusades were a way to fight back the Muslims for their conquest of Jerusalem. The idea of the Crusade was a very good marketing strategy by Pope Urban II. It was told that any Crusader would be rewarded a place in heaven, and forgiven their sins.
Medieval Europe was a time of war and conflict between different peoples. One of the most important military endeavors of the time was called the Crusades, which was a campaign of Christian attempts to take Jerusalem from the Muslims, who occupied it at the time. Spread over several hundred years, many bloody battles were fought over the holy city. The Crusades involved the two largest religions on the continent and impacted a massive amount of people. The battles irreparably changed the lives of everyone they touched, turning peasants to knights and nobles to slaves.