“When the Great Depression collapsed the U.S. economy in 1929, America's black population had already been living with harsh economic conditions, discrimination, and gross exploitation” (Bush). After the stock market crashed things only got worse for African Americans. During the 1930's African Americans faced discrimination, such as not having equal opportunities for jobs. Employment, when it could be found, was usually accompanied by racism and lower wages than their White Counterparts. New deal programs implemented by the government were suppose to help the entire unemployed population of the United States. “They encountered various forms of discrimination in New Deal Agencies, many African Americans concluded that the so-called New Deal was indeed a "raw deal” (Trotter). Clearly this wasn’t necessarily the case. The NRA or National Recovery Act was known commonly as the Negro Removal Act (Suster). Whites even thought that Blacks …show more content…
Another major Form of racial discrimination was unfair wages. When it came to public works programs paying for wages, African American wages were 30 percent lower than the white workers, who at the time barely had enough money for subsistence (Sustar). For the most part African Americans were classified as “Unskilled”, even when they were skilled, stereotypes kept them from earning fair wages in most urban workplaces (Rose). One of the worst parts of the whole situation was that Working class White women, yes i said working class not rich, employed Black women for as little as 5$ per week for full time laborers in northern cities (Trotter). These White women had enough money to pay for, essentially what was a maid or housekeeper. The same White women who were also facing the same discrimination from the Public Work Programs as the Blacks. This shows how drastically the wage difference was between Whites and
But unfortunately the reality was that the minorities had much harder times than white Americans. In 1933, the general unemployment rate in the United States was over 25 percent; at the same time, unemployment rates for various American minorities ranged up to 50 percent or more (“Great Depression and the New Deal Reference Library”1). Racial discrimination was high and minorities were the first to loose their jobs during the Great Depression. They were denied to work. They were often denied employment in public works programs, they were sometimes threatened at relief centers when applying for work or assistance, and even some charities refused to provide food to needy minorities, especially to blacks in the South.
They were struggling to not only find jobs, but find jobs with wages high enough to support their families. There weren't any black supervisors or other black workers with seniority and influence at the time that could assist other black workers. They were essentially at the mercy of white workers, white leaders, and white unions. White workers simply did not want Blacks in their unions. Despite their efforts, blacks were viewed as unorganized and unskilled and Whites wanted to hang on to their prestige and not "taint" their unions by
Zinn argues that the economic growth in the 1920s wasn't nearly as good as it was portrayed and claims that any of the increase in money was for those at the top, leaving the middle and lower class oppressed. From the 1920s to even today, Zinn claims that the government and many capitalists have worked at keeping the working class oppressed to keep them on top. This meant that the government made sure to stop any spread of socialist views. Mainly, Zinn believes that the 1920s didn't bring prosperity like it claims. In reality, workers got slightly higher wages but in his theory it is so the workers would stop rebelling after being given just the right amount of money.
The Great Depression Did the New Deal achieve its goal and was it successful? To answer the question one must look at what was the New Deal’s goal was. In FDR’s Fireside chat he claims the goal of the new deal is “ to prevent the return of conditions which came very close to destroying what we call modern civilization”. Then he continues on to say “The actual accomplishment of our purpose cannot be attained in a day.
Unlike Tennessee, Mississippi suffered from decreased farm prices throughout the depression. The great depression caused many farms to go into debt, and also a lot of banks lost many people to go hungry, because of their life savings gone to waste. . One reason that the banks went into debt is that they had loss of income. As a result a lot of African American people lost their jobs, because the owners would not be able to pay the employees their money. People who had farms had to do the most work , they had to grow their own food, rather then “ cash crop “ like cotton or tobacco .
These facts were more of a fabrication because the easing of debt and mortgage was not dedicated to African Americans who were in fact U.S citizens. One of the programs called the Federal Housing Authority “refused to guarantee mortgages for blacks who tried to buy in white neighborhoods” (African Americans and the New Deal 2). The New Deal did serve lunches for school children but “constitutes the only hot meal of the day” (Hot Lunches for a Million School Children 4). Many problems were noticed but the New Deal left them unsolved.
“I’m going where there’s no depression, to the lovely land that’s free from care (The Carter Family). ” The Great Depression was the serious and worldwide economic decline of the1930’s. It crushed the hopes and dreams of many Americans. A plunge in stock market prices marked the beginning of the Great Depression.
The New Deal was successful in terms of providing relief and improving economic conditions . The first New Deal focused on economic recovery. It introduced laws that would prevent corruption and irresponsibility in the banking system which prevented banks from failing for the entire year of 1936. It also created several agencies, such as the NRA, aimed at providing relief to the people. Such agencies provided work for many unemployed American citizens through government jobs or public-works projects, however, it was not enough as there were still thousands of Americans who were unemployed.
The Great Depression came into effect after the stock market collapsed and also contributed to the Harlem Renaissance ending. This hurt African American business owners. There was less financial support to help struggling
The New Deal When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President of the United States of America, The New Deal program was promulgated in order to reduce problems on unemployment. It further introduced benefit to the people so that they would be able to recover from the consequences of the Great Depression. The very focus of the New Deal was to lessen the suffering of the nation 's 15 million unemployed (Encyclopedia of Marxism, n.d.). In order to give short-term governmental aid and endow people with for temporary work, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and the Civilian Conservation Corps were established. The New Deal also focused on invigorating business and agriculture.
Jobs dropped like flies. In the article, “Amistad Digital Resource,” it states, “While white unemployment had hit an extraordinarily high rate of 31.7 percent in 1931, it was well over 50 percent for Black Americans” (The Great Depression 2). Many families lost everything they had, and suffered extremely. People’s lives were turned upside-down. Citizens that lost their job could not afford food or the basic needs to survive.
The experience of the Great Depression in the Urban and the Rural American. The Urban American became distressed they were hungry and many were homeless. The rural Americans were pounded by a series of environment catastrophes that made the situation even worse and exposed that the government was powerless. The Urban Americans built makeshift towns outside of towns. They called the makeshifts Hooverville’s.
The experience that the majority of urban and rural Americans shared together during the depression was a flat out lack of income. The differences were very few, but in the cities, the depression was more prominently visible because of a higher percentage of the population (Schultz 2014). Besides the lack of income and employment, most Americans underwent periods of time being extremely hungry. In the cities, people spent hours waiting in breadlines and were losing their homes to only end up living on the streets in communities referred to as "Hoovervilles" nicknamed after the president (Schultz 2014). In the country, families suffered because of unusual droughts of the 1930 's that caused crops to fail miserably meant the already indebted farmers commonly lost their properties.
They often did not have the kind of job prospects that white people had. They would be barred from certain kinds of employment either by law or by custom (Guo, 2016, para-4 under the heading ‘An important argument in your book’). Between the years of 1940 and 1970, Asian Americans exceeded the average household earnings of African Americans. Also, they were able to close the wage gap with whites (Guo, 2016, para-1).
Microcosm “Man is a microcosm, or a little world, because he is an extract from all the stars and planets of the whole firmament, from the earth and the elements; and so he is their quintessence.” - Paracelsus, a philosopher and early physician. Just like mankind, objects can convey elements of a small world within them. Of Mice and Men, a novel by John Steinbeck, tells the story of two men, Lennie and George, that take up a job on a ranch in California. The people of the ranch come off as diverse, distinct figures, making up a small world inside that small space.