Materials and methods: 1. Materials: Urethane was purchased form Hychem Laboratories. AST, ALT, and ALP was purchased from ----------. All the others reagents use are of high purity and of analytical grade. 2. Animals: BALB/C mice, 15-20 g were housed in colony rooms with 12/12 hr light/dark cycle at 21±2°C and had free access to food and water. All animal experiments were carried out in accordance with CPCSEA guidelines, Ethical committee Acts. 3. Experimental protocol: Animals were acclimatized for a period of 1 week prior to the experiment. Later they were divided in to five groups containing six animals each. For induction of lung carninogen BALB/c mice were given Urethane in all the group except normal control, twice a week for a period of 4 weeks by intraperitonial injection[1]. Group I serves as normal control receive normal saline. Group II serves as Disease control receive Urethane at a dose …show more content…
MDA level was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in serum, based on the reaction between MDA and TBARS. Standard Malondialdehyde solution in 5 mL of volume was processed along with test samples. 1.5 mL of 0.8% of TBA was added to 1 mL of the serum sample. Then 0.4 mL of 8.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate and 1.5 mL of acetic acid was added. The mixture was finally made upto 5 mL with distilled water and placed in hot water bath at 95ºC for 1 h. After cooling, 1 mL of distilled water and 5 mL of the mixture of n-butanol and pyridine (15:1, v/v) was added. The mixture was vortexed and after centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, the absorbance of the organic layer (upper layer) was measured in UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimatzu) at 532 nm against blank using distilled water. TBA when allowed to react with MDA aerobically formed a colored complex [MDA-(TBA) 2 complex] which was measured with spectrophotometer. MDA concentration (measured as TBARS) was calculated as
From the data obtained in Tables 1-3, we were able to plot multiple graphs using excel. These graphs give a better representation of the data as seen in Figures 1-9. It can be seen that each figure shows a slight increase in CO2 production, which signifies a possible change in metabolic rate. Figures 4 and 7 show a relatively large change between the control and fox urine. The changes in slope between theses two are 0.0267 for Figure 4’s slopes and 0.0192 for Figure 7’s slopes.
During the experiment, observations were made of their color, mass, height, and width. This data shows percent mass change of the gummy bear and how the gummy bear was affected by the salt water. It also displays how the height and the width of the gummy bear changed because of the salt water, which made the gummy bear more compact. The more salt that was added to the distilled water, the more compact it was, however, if there was not a lot of salt in the mixture, it became large and fragile. The mass of the gummy bear was increased as a result of less salt being added with the distilled water.
Nonetheless, besides fish, many other kinds of poikilothermic animals, such as snakes and frogs, use lungs instead of gills to breathe, and further researches may be conducted to explore if caffeine has an effect on their metabolism. For example, forty northern leopard frogs with similar body size will be captured and divided into twenty trials, and each two frogs will be tested in the same control and experimental conditions as the goldfish metabolism experiment did. The collected slopes of oxygen concentration will then be converted into oxygen consumption rate and analyzed by the paired t-test. If the difference in the oxygen consumption rate between the control and experimental groups is statistically significant, this experiment will show that caffeine affects the metabolism of frogs, one kind of poikilotherms that use lungs to
Peter Gibbons is what one would call a company drone. He worked as hard as he could for a company that he hated. Peter went to see a therapist, but the therapist suddenly dies after putting Peter under hypnosis. Peter leaves calm and relaxed along with the idea that he is not going to put any effort into his job. There are days he doesn’t show up and when he does show up he plays games all day.
Subjects In this study we used one adult Sprague-Dawley rat weighing 259g. The subject was on a typical light cycle and was fed pellets and water regularly. Materials
CSS may influence the absorption capacity for PbTX because constipation observed in CSS animals slows fecal evacuation rate, which may result in increased absorption and retention times of PbTX. The immune system suppression associated with PbTX exposure also may elicit symptomology following exposure in an immunocompromised cold-stressed
Results: Table 1: Results from the Salicylic acid (g) and the Purity of ASA (g) Experiment Mass of salicylic acid (g) 0.14 g Mass of filter paper (g) 0.47 g Mass of “impure” ASA + filter paper (g) 0.56 g Mass of prepared “impure” ASA (g)
The investigation was carried out to identify the presence or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile. A reducing sugar solutions is add inside a test tube with 3 drops to then add 3 drops of benedicts and plane in a water bath.
. Results 3.1 Appearance, behavior observation statistics and the number of deaths in mice Blank group white light color and coat is compact, light red tail. Mice binocular rotating flexible and quick act freely. Normal diet in mice, defecate appears necessarily easy to disperse state of particles.
Hypovolemia is the term used when discussing a patient who is losing a significant amount of bodily fluid. For the report I will only discuss the effects on a patient who is experiencing Hypovolemia due to a hemorrhage. Some of the symptoms are, an increased heart rate, and a low urine flow rate. These symptoms are of particular note due to the fact that they can all be monitored and manipulated to help the patient survive. It is important to monitor the urine flow rate so that kidney function can be maintained.
Overall, the results show that time has a big play in the experiment. The older mice do not get as effected by the experiment than the adult mice. With the aging of America studies like this are imperative as we navigate our family members to
In the dorsal and lateral regions they found larger mitral cells than the knockout mice before the experiments. After they had been exposed to the peppermint odor they saw a
⋅ 5H2O, which has about 36.0%, and CuCl2 ⋅5H20 (21.17%). Materials: Ring stand, ring clamp, evaporating dish, Bunsen burner, clay triangle, crucible tongs, electronic balance, sample of hydrated salt. Methods:
The figure 1 illustrates the daily maximum temperature over the 13 days period of experiment. The ambient temperature ranged of minimum of 16.7 degree Celsius to maximum of 35.4 degree Celsius. The minimum temperature of scavenged piglet was 8.2 degree Celsius and maximum
The internal standard method allows a very accurate analysis to be performed, since the behaviour of the species of interest is compared to that of a known substance which is present in a specified amount. It is usual to include an identical volume or mass of the internal standard into each prepared standard. This facilitates easier calculations of the composition of the