James Madison Summary The Virginia Plan was mainly geared toward the larger states and the New Jersey plan was geared toward the smaller plan. The Virginia Plan had the source of power coming from the people and proportional representation. The New Jersey Plan had the source of power coming from the states with equal representation. Congress discussed both plans, and there were representatives that agreed with both. Then, they agreed on a two branches in legislation, and agreed to have the people elect for the first branch. Next, they discussed of counting slaves equal to white for representation, and voted no. They did agree to take a census of the free people; initially they did not agree to count three fifths of black people, but later did. Then, they discussed the …show more content…
They finally settled on allowing it for twenty years. Federalist Papers Summary The first selection discusses the Constitution and its usefulness against factions. Madison mentions there are only two ways to eliminate the problems caused by factions. People can eliminate its origins or control its effects. There are also two ways of ‘removing the causes of faction’; we can get rid of liberty or make every citizen have the same ideas. He says it is basically part of human nature to form ideas and people will attach those ideas to themselves. Madison eventually comes to the conclusion that factions can only be controlled. He advocates for the Constitution and declares the faction will not be able to spread far because of the checks and balances. The next selection is about whether the government is republican. Madison first states no other form of government will suit the American people. Madison then continues to outline what makes a republican government and identifies how the Constitution fits the definition. To the people mentioning the Constitution takes power from the states, he asserts the government would be divided among national and state power.
James Madison’s Federalist 10 was written amid criticisms that a republican form of government had never been successful on a large scale. Madison’s argument was that a well-constructed union could control factions. He argued that in order to control factions from their causes, we would need to either give up liberty or free thought. Since we cannot infringe upon these two natural rights, we must move on to controlling the effects. A republic, Madison argues, would be able to do this because the people choose the representatives, and they choose representatives who they feel best represent their opinions.
The Virginia plan is a draft in the Article of Confederation, an proposal by James Madison. Because Virginia is such a large state, it needed 2 houses of the house of representatives to determined the proportions of the populations meaning there should only be House of Representatives with no Senate when it comes to decision making. On the other hand for the New Jersey Plan its the other way around, due to the smaller population of New Jersey, all representation where equal to other states. So for New Jersey plan there would be Senate but there wouldn't be any House of Representatives. To summarize the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan, the Virginia would involve the House of Representatives but not Senate and for New Jersey plan
The Virginia Plan, favored the size and population of bigger states. The differences from the New Jersey Plan were that the legislative branch would be split into to parts, a Upper and Lower house. The Upper
The Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan had many similarities and distinct differences. The New Jersey Plan wanted the Legislative Branch to consist of one house with equal representation from all states. It also stated that the Legislative Branch could collect taxes from the states. The Virginia Plan included details about a powerful Legislative Branch. There would be two houses with membership proportional to the state’s population.
Therefore, slaves are to be counted as three fifths vote for representation, because slaves made up a large portion of the population in the southern states. Therefore, the south wanted the slaves to count as part of the population so that they would have more power in the house of representatives. The north did not want the slaves to count as part of the population because they did not want the north to have
In the beginning of July 11 the delegates had begun arguing over the method of census and who would be counted. Slavery became a spotlight issue in the Great Compromise when the south and north’s different views on how slaves should be counted in representation was made apparent. On one hand, the south wanted slaves to be accounted for when deciding representation. Because the southern states had a large population of slaves they wanted to have more representation in the House of Representatives. However, the north had a different view, they thought that slaves should not be counted as the population for representation.
Perhaps the most famous Federalist paper, Federalist 10, starts off by saying that one of the biggest arguments that favors the Constitution is that it creates a government suited to minimize the harm caused by factions. Faction, in this case, is defined as a group of people whether a minority or majority based on class, race, and profession that all share a common interest. It was inevitable that factions would occur and perhaps the defining characteristic was the unequal distribution of property. This would ultimately lead the poor without property to become the majority in a “tyranny of the masses.” Madison believed that there were two solutions in preventing majority factions, 1) Remover the causes, and 2) Control the effects.
10 in an attempt to ratify the Constitution, the new form of government for the United States. In the Federalist Paper No. 10, Madison analyzed the way to deal with facts, made a comparison between a pure democracy and a republic, and made another comparison on whether a small government or a large government would be the best for America. He informed the people that there is not a way to completely get rid of factions, but there are ways to deal with them. One great way to deal with factions is by having a government that knows how to control and deal with their effects. Madison believes that a republic can do that job better than a democracy, because a democracy is a small society of people who can not admit there is a cure to factions.
One of the compromises made in the Constitutional Convention is the three-fifths compromise. In this compromise, the southerners wanted to add slaves to the population of the state they lived in. If slaves were included in their state’s population, that state would be able to add more representatives in the House of Representatives. Northerners did not agree with that statement because slaves did not have the right to vote. After the delegates compromised, they agreed that only three-fifths of the slave’s population would be counted into the state’s population.
Madison spoke of things like paper money, even property division and abolishing debts. His voice was for the government we can recognize today that is designed to be an “extensive republic” for the
Madison, one of the founding father of America, is agreeing with the group of people who are against what he makes and at one time even believed in. People in America of all status need protection of their rights from their government, and the population did not find the Constitution to be sufficient. As the Anti Federalists in the Continental Congress expressed their specific concerns, their ideas snowballed until they came to the conclusion that they needed a Bill of
In the case of taxation, the more powerful of the two parties would have the opportunity to impose higher taxes on the minority, thus, saving themselves money. Madison firmly believed that the constitution had the ability to solve the problems created by factions. Madison envisioned a large republic that would make it difficult for corrupt candidates to get elected. Madison expressed this by stating, In the next place, as each representative will be chosen by a greater number of citizens in the large than in the small republic, it will be more difficult for unworthy candidates to practice with success the vicious arts by which elections are too often carried; and the suffrages of the people being more free, will be more likely to centre in men who possess the most attractive merit and the most diffusive and established characters.
Madison’s essay reflects the fear many had of a tyrannical government and the desire to ensure that the country didn’t revert back to that which it had just escaped from. He notes the necessity to prevent any one faction or group from gaining too much power and oppressing those in the minority. The separation of powers was set in place to ensure that this could not happen. Even if one group decides they want something, the other two have the equal authority to prevent it should it not represent the country as a whole.
The larger states, in favor of the Virginia Plan, were unsure of whether or not slaves were to be counted as part of the population or not. The Southern states wanted slaves to be counted as part of the population, but to also be considered as property, in case the new government was to levy taxes on each state on the basis of population. They also believed that even if slaves were to be counted as people, they still would not be granted citizenship or have the right to vote. Because the majority of the North did not have slaves, the South was in favor of having
Madison brings up that it isn’t possible to divide power absolutely equally and “In republican government, the legislative authority necessarily predominates.” (2). And so, the legislative branch will be divided even more to try and combat the unbalance of power. Madison thought this system was a good method because he believed that it was part of human nature to have conflicting ideas and wants, and so each branch could keep the others in line and therefor no one power is above the others. Furthermore, Madison believes a bigger government with multiple branches is better because then it becomes difficult for one