After the Renaissance, Europe began to enter into an age of reformation as several individuals strongly opposed of the church’s teachings. In particular, the Protestant Reformation was inspired by Martin Luther, a theologian and monk, that sought to reform the Catholic church with his Ninety-Five Theses along with the aid of the printing press. The main cause of the Protestant Reformation was the church practice of selling indulgences and Luther’s response to their practices. The rise of social revolutions like the Radical Reformation and the Peasants’ Revolt and new forms of Christianity such as Lutheranism and Calvinism resulted from the Protestant Reformation. In 1517, Tetzel was encouraging people to purchase indulgences in order to save …show more content…
Locke did not only reasoned that human nature was inherently good, but also believed that the government should limit the powers of rulers in order to protect individual rights. Locke’s Two Treatises of Government specifically addressed the protection of individual rights from the absolute power of the government. The ideas expressed by Locke influenced the minds of the writers of the Declaration of the Independence. Thomas Jefferson and others adopted Locke’s idea, stating that the limited power of the government is approved by citizens. On July 4, 1776, all citizens adopted Locke’s idea through the Declaration of Independence. The declaration particularly states the duty of the government, which is to protect the rights of the individuals. In addition, citizens are allowed to make the adjustment to the …show more content…
These monarchs wanted to strengthen their power in the government. Charles VI of Austria wanted to reform the power of the nobility. His successors continued to reform the state with their power. Like Charles VI, Frederick II from Prussia also was influenced by enlightened despotism. He issued a religious toleration in order to win the support of French Protestant refugees. Frederick II continued his reformation, establishing individual freedom for peasants by abolishing serfdom. Enlightened despotism brought several changes to the European society through
The Protestant Reformation was a movement that spread throughout Europe, in which started in 1517. The Reformation affected Europe politically and socially. Feelings leading up to the Reformation were very religious, and very much full of disrespect. In document 2, written by Martin Luther in the 95 Theses, many people were very bitter of the church’s idea of “the money box.
I. The Protestant Reformation in Europe was a reform movement that occurred during the sixteenth century which divided the Western Christian church into Catholic and Protestant groups. Although the Reformation occurred in the sixteenth century earlier events of the late fourteenth and fifteenth century created the environment for the Reformation to occur. The Reformation was started by Martin Luther, who was a monk and professor who lectured the Bible (Duiker, World History, 421). There were four major factors that lead to The Protestant Reformation in Europe:
These ideas included, 1) Government abuse or tyranny should not be tolerated 2) Humans have inalienable rights, 3) Government power should belong to the people and 4) Societal contracts with government must be fair. The following documents explained these concepts in detail and supported the revolutionary period, spreading the ideas to current and future generations. John Locke wrote the Two Treatises on Government, which outlined abuses of government power.
Jeramie Jones Dr. Hermann History 101 Right before the 16th century, there were huge changes in the way people started to think. One major movement that influenced this was the wave of humanist thought, which understood the importance of the study of classical text to emphasize a larger value of the individual, to which the Protestant Reformation owed a lot to. This basis of thought is a huge reason people began to critique the teachings of, and even question the theological foundation of the Catholic Church. The main reason for which religion was so divisive in the 16th century was that people finally began to think for themselves. Despite Roman Catholicism being the dominant in Europe all before the 16th century, a new wave of Protestantism
The Protestant Reformation had a huge impact in all Europe in the sixteen century, but which ones were the factors that lead to it? It is very important to highlight that the European Christianity was falling into a noticeable corruption of its popes and some other high position members. Robbery, and even warriors were among of some factors that took the Cristian Church to a declining path. One of these examples was the Pope Julius II, which one won the nickname “the warrior pope” because he led armies against people. Furthermore, the church was not the only factor promoting this reformation, some other social changes were occurring with the masses in Europe; many of the peasants were being free especially in the western Europe.
Locke’s ideas of enlightenment were influential in the creation of the document. Like Locke’s phrase from Two Treatises on Government, “life, liberty, and property,” Jefferson, however, changed this phrase to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” This phrase is slightly altered by Jefferson and exemplifies Locke’s belief in natural rights implying an individual’s own rights. Locke also believed that when a government were to become destructive, the people have the right to rebel and abolish it. A government that does not protect these rights becomes a tyranny and is determined to be overthrown.
Protestant Reformation Protestant Reformation was a European Christian movement. This movement, led by Martin Luther reformed the Roman Catholic Church practices and begin Protestantism. The reformation started because of the corruption of Roman Catholic Church. The corruption that begin the protestant reformation was phony relics and indulgences. The church priests would sell these relics to poor people knowing that they were fake and build on lies only to make money for the church.
His explanation of individuals’ rights as being more important than the government inspired the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. For example, Locke argued that life, liberty and property were natural rights, and the Declaration of Independence directly incorporates this concept in its statement that “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” Americans today owe thanks to Locke for these freedoms, which are now protected by our Constitution. Moreover, the new republics of France and America adopted the idea of human equality, government by consent of the governed, the right of citizens to resist tyranny, and the importance of separation of powers. Specifically, in America, the structure of the government bares a lot of symmetry to his writings on checks and balances, including multiple branches of government.
Locke’s beliefs that the government only has the right to govern if the people consent for it to do so is apparent in both The Declaration of Independence and The Constitution of the United States of America. The Declaration of Independence states: This is derived from Locke’s idea that Also, in Article I of The Constitution, a direct outline is provided to ensure the inclusion of a proper Representative of the states, to protect this philosophy. Both John Locke and the Founding Fathers stress the importance of the people dictating the government’s actions, not the opposite. Thus, the two basic ideals of the United States’ government- the right of the individual to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, and the government existing only from the consent of the people- identically match those put forth in John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, making John Locke one of the most influential philosophers in the founding of the United States of America.
The Protestant Reformation began with a movement made by a monk simply to criticize and challenge the actions of the Church. From the disapproval of selling indulgence to the demand of equality, multiple forces have sparked the inception of the Protestant Revolution. Martin Luther’s decision to take public stand against the Church was revolutionary to the society. A movement for religious reforms, known as the Protestant Reformation, was born. Luther’s beliefs were soon adopted by and appealed to every levels of society.
John Locke was a philosopher and political scientist. He had many interests and produced a number of writings that influenced future leaders. One of these leaders was Thomas Jefferson, who was involved with the aid of America and the act gaining independence from Britain. The Declaration of Independence and Locke’s views on government contain many similar aspects. These ideas includes the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness (natural rights); the protection that is provided by the government for these rights; and the altering or abolishment of government if it fails to provide and protect the rights of the people.
For others, Frederick spread religious freedom throughout Prussia. He said “Everyone must find their own salvation” and this means everyone must not control by one religion. Frederick made big change at education as well. He allowed the education of peasant children to consist almost entirely of reading religious manuals and other simple religious texts. This style improved people knowledge level.
In the mid-sixteenth century, the religious reformation was led by Luther and his 95 theses as well as the Diet of Worms in the Germanic states. From this reformation, peasants sparked an uprising against the German land-owning nobility and the aristocracy. The tension between the oppressed peasants and influential Germanic aristocracy caused an aggressive response, tabulating another blow for the peasantry and their newfound Lutheran ideals. In 95 Theses, Luther mentions the error in the giving of indulgences within the church system.
Question 1 Prior to the 16th century the Catholic church was struggling with disunity and discontent centering around corruption, the selling of indulgences and the abuse of power. In October of 1517, Martin Luther posted his 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church and split from the Catholic Church. After Martin Luther, various other protestant (define protestantism somewhere) sects emerged, most notably, Calvinism. Both Luther and Calvin held theological emphases that made them distinct from each other and the Catholic Church.
The reformation was in fact the most important even in European history. The Reformation began with Martin Luther’s 95 theses. This movement aimed to reform the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Luther argued that the Bible was the central means to discern God’s word, not the Pope. The movement affected many people by giving them doubt on what they were taught.