Questioned Document Have you ever wondered how a document corresponds to a crime scene? Well it may be much more important than one must think. Questioned documents evidence has been around for ages, and is still used in understanding what occurred at a crime scene. However, the evidence must be properly cared for a preserved. A questioned document is defined as a document that is partly or entirely suspicious in regard to the authenticity or origin (James, Nordby, Bell). A questioned document can be various types of documents found at a crime scene, such as a letter, check, receipt, or a ransom note (Hilton, 1940). Therefore, a document that may seem unimportant may very well be the sole piece of evidence to break the case. Similar to several …show more content…
Whether the document being preserved is a check or letter, a crime scene investigator must not be marked on, folded, bent, or transported improperly for any period of time. Instead, the questioned document must be kept into the proper evidence collection envelopes and folders and kept dry (Hilton, 1940). Following these steps helps to ensure that the document is not distorted in any way. For instance, if a crime scene investigation is at the scene of a crime and the individual was to find a ransom note, this would be key information. However, if the crime scene investigator decides to write or draw on the document, it could be considered as contaminated evidence and may not be allowed in the court as evidence. After the questioned document evidence has been collected and preserved carefully and properly, it is then brought to the crime lab where a forensic scientist can process the document. Different types of tests are then ran on the submitted documents by a trained professional to decipher or restore the writing (Hilton, 1940). If identifying evidence is found on the documents, it can be used to marrow down suspects and produce the actor of the crime. For instance, if a daughter is stealing cheeks from her mother, and signing the mothers name as if she was the one furnishing the checks, a great way to look at this questioned document would be to compare handwriting samples. Since everyone has their own unique style of writing it would be rather simple to determine that this document was forged making questioned document collection, preservation, and examination an essential step in the investigation process. Therefore, collecting and preservation document are key elements in the processes of crime scene work. Even thought, this technique of evidence has been around for a while, it still proves to work wonders in the investigation process. Follow the necessary steps to be successful
Forensics is a very complex field. If the crime scene is not secured correctly, or piece of evidence is handle wrong or "contaminated", an entire case can change in favor of the culprit. JonBenet Ramsey case is a prime example of police failing to secure the crime scene and due to that valuable evidence is lost forever. The mysterious death of JonBenet Ramsey (the daughter of a socialite and a wealthy businessman) was a case that could have been solved if the crime scene was correctly secured.
How did document examination help or crack the case? The evidence was not strong enough without the handwritten note. Final Findings? Hauptmann was guilty and was electrocuted. The kidnapping was made a federal offense.
Evidence is vital for any crime scene. No matter the case, police need to be carefully precise, speedy, and methodical to be able to collect this crucial evidence. With the very well handled cases out there, some slip through the cracks. Evidence that is linked to a crime can be contaminated, destroyed, or forgotten about which leads to finding a suspect to be hard. One example of this happening is the infamous murder case of JonBenet Ramsey.
Document B proves and shows the ages and genders of the accused and accusers. It also shows
Interview witnesses the facial expression, which quiet make easy to collect the evidence. It opens the channel of communication. Documentary evidence is gathered which includes written statements (checks, invoices, bills, emails) and computerized document trails, any items that may be considered physical
Where a crime is committed is referred to as a crime scene and everything is now considered evidence. Anything the police wrongfully handle, without taking something directly to an evidence compartment, or even leaving it out of sight can make the evidence invalid. This is because without the weapon or relevant surrounding object under direct supervision or properly locked up, it has the potential to be tampered with. Even the mere possibility of mishandled evidence renders it useless in any court
Unlike crime scene bystanders, hard evidence will not get confused or become frightened. And unlike criminals, it will not make up stories or lie.” This valuable piece of evidence contributes to the idea that forensic evidence will consistently be accurate and hard to be manifested invalid. Andrea Campbell’s example declares that unless the criminals took something away from the scene to attempt to give the impression of them free from evil
However, the way the glass evidence at the crime scene was documented, collected, and preserved absolutely would have had an impact on the examination results at the lab. The glass evidence was mishandled as it was reportedly transferred from an envelope to a plastic bag during the investigation, which could have resulted in further loss or contamination of the evidence. Overall, the mishandling of significant evidence compromised the reliability and admissibility in court. Again, this example of mishandling of evidence posed as another contention point within the case and resulted in much
Forensic Science in the 1920’s was not as high-tech as the Forensic Science of today; with hair comparisons, DNA tests, the testing of bodily fluids, and fingerprinting to identify the person(s) suspected of doing the crime. Forensic Science is the practical application of Science to the law to prove the guilt or innocence of a person. Since its initial application over the years, Forensic Science has helped revolutionize the law and bringing forth of justice. Used in the “perfect crime” to convict two high profile and unlikely people to cause such a horrific crime that caused the pain of a family and a death of a boy who had just started living.
Such as presenting the evidence of the two garbage cans were Herring allegedly hid the stolen stereo and car equipment form Peter’s Mustang. The CPD investigator opened two large sealed boxes containing the garbage cans that were located in the alley. The investigator explained the science to the jurors on finding fingerprints on the cans. The police apply a super glue to the areas of the cans where they think might have fingerprints and then use an LAS system which is a laser light they use to find and see fingerprints on objects. The investigator explaining the procedures on collecting the evidence did so in the simplest and clearest way possible.
When the evidence is ready to be collected each item will go into its own separate bag. Each bag will be sealed shut and the seal has to be signed. Next each bag will be labeled with the date and time of collection, what the item is, where it was found, the name and identification number of the person who bagged it, what type of crime scene it was found at, the incident number, and evidence number. (Tina Young, 2011) Next would be the search of fingerprints.
Evidence found at the place of the crime can give investigators clues to who committed the crime. For example, investigators can find footprints, fingerprints, or even the murder weapon. In fact, a hatchet was found on property, which detectives believe is the murder weapon(Allard,2013). This is important because the hatchet gives clues to who committed the crimes.
Doing this, helpws protect the evidence and prevent cross contamination. The crime scene is the physical area where a crime is thought to of occurred and where the evidence of the said crime is thought to reside. Vital evidence to a case, can be found at a crime scene. This includes, fingerprints, DNA, foot prints, bullets, bullet casings, fibers, etc. It is important to determine if a crime has in fact been committed, if so, the officer must initiate enforcement action, by arresting or pursuing the offender or dispatching apprehension information.
Crime scene photography, sometimes referred to as forensic photography or forensic imaging, is the art of producing an accurate representation of an accident or crime scene. Crime scene photography is an important asset in the collection of evidence at the crime scene, documents the appearance and location of victims, shell casings, footprints, bloodstain patterns, and other physical evidence. In order for photographs to be admissible in a court of law, the standard for photographs of crime scenes and evidence must be of sufficient quality. Photography has a vital role in the decision made in court because the pictures are to represent the scene as it was exactly. Digital SLR single reflex camera is the most often used camera in crime scene investigations.
During this process the investigators should carefully search for all forms of potential electronic evidence that they do have permission to take such as: USB (Universal Serial Bus) storage media, optical discs, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, SD (Secure Digital) and similar cards, NAS (Network-Attached Storage). Other forms of forensic evidence should be also considered such as: fingerprints and DNA before collection of devices, passwords, notes, paper documents, and other information relevant to the investigation. The process of dead forensic is simple, reliable and thorough.