The Crucible was a play written by Arthur Miller and he discusses dreadful events of the witch trials that took place in Salem in 1692. Arthur Miller uses the Salem Witch Trials to represent the McCarthy Era and to show connections and parallels between The Crucible and McCarthyism. The Salem witch trials were many different hearings and prosecutions of people being accused by a group of girls of witchcraft which caused distress in the community. McCarthyism was also popular at this time. “McCarthyism represented a prolonged effort (1948–54) to expose and root out domestic communism.” (Oshinsky). This campaign against communists was carried out by Senator Joseph McCarthy. Both The Crucible and McCarthyism consisted of giving names, having no proof or evidence, and people refusing to answer questions and testify. …show more content…
“Take courage, you must give us all their names.”(Miller). In The Crucible, Reverend Hale has arrived in Salem after hearing about the witch allegations. He decided to question Betty and the others and he demanded a list of all the names of the people being accused. This scene is similar to Elia Kazan returning in April 1952 to give his testimony. “I have come to the conclusion that I did wrong to withhold these names before, because secrecy serves the Communists, and is exactly what they want.(Kazan). Elia Kazan was a well-known Hollywood director who has testified before the HUAC, but he failed to answer one question. He was asked to name the people he knew to be members of the Communists Party and he returned in April 1952 to give his
“I have here a list of names…” is a quote that is not only spoken in history during the Salem Witch Trials, but also in fairly recent history. Joseph McCarthy used this phrase to present his list of believed communists to the government, while Abigail Williams used a similar accusation for the witches in Salem. Matter of fact, McCarthy’s accusations have been called by many “witch hunts” as an allusion to the Salem Witch hunts that occurred hundreds of years before. The Salem Witch Trials shares many similarities with McCarthyism, however, with the similarities come several obvious differences.
In fact, “The Salem Witchcraft Trials have taken on an iconic role in American history, and an unjust search for scapegoats is now commonly referred to as a “witch hunt”” (Billings). Now, during the McCarthy Era, an author called Arthur Miller wrote The crucible, a story “about witchcraft at Salem in 1692, and it was inspired by the social and political climate in the United States in the 1950’s” (Bloom 66) The 1962 Salem characters in Miller’s play represented the Americans that were accused of being communist or sympathizing with communists (Trevino).
McCarthyism and “Crucible’ are similar in many ways McCarthyism is falsely accusing someone of treason without proof or much reason. This is exactly what happened in the book ‘Crucible” where they accused
The Crucible had Abigail, who wanted revenge on John Proctor because he slept with her and then dismissed her. “Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I‘ll ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind” (Miller 1246) McCarthyism starts period on investigation about people being members of the communist party during the Cold War with the Soviet Union.
The play The Crucible and the rise of McCarthyism as discussed by Fitzgerald in the Red Scare both demonstrate how human nature reacts when confronted with the threat of false accusation and wrong doing. The Crucible is an allegory of the United States during the time of the Cold War in the 1950’s and the rise of McCarthysim under USA senator Joseph McCarthy. The accusations suffered by many characters in The Crucible for witchcraft and the resulting aftermath as the town of Salem reacts to these events. These accusations mirror on how Senator McCarthy, through the FBI, accused many government employees, agents and civilians of being Communists (Fitzgerald 44). In both cases, the accusations were made in the absence of evidence to support them,
Miller's play is not only a portrait of the Salem Witch Trials but a criticism of contemporary America where people's political opinions were also put on trial? Consider this view in light of the critical anthology. The Crucible is a play which revolves around the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, yet was written in 1953. When viewed, through a Marxist lens, it is evident this play is a condemnation of McCarthy through the process of allusion.
In the spring of the early 50s John McCarthy would go around America accusing innocent people of being communist spies. This era would be named McCarthyism and the red scare was also part of this era. This would set the stage for a story down the road. The crucible by Arthur Miller is an allegory for the red scare in the McCarthy era because of the false accusations, general hysteria among the townspeople, and proving of injusticing by authority/ accuser. Enter John McCarthy who first started his false accusations of supposed communists in America in the state of Wheeling, Virginia.
According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, “the term McCarthyism is applied to the persecution of innocent people using powerful but unproved allegations”. This very idea is prevalent throughout the Crucible, even more so within the court gatherings. An example of this is found within ACT IV of the novel,
The Similarities between The Crucible and McCarthyism In 2009, the Swine flu epidemic brought fear and hysteria to the United States. The new and dangerous disease spreading into the U.S. sparked a fear of becoming infected. The epidemic had become so bad the CDC had opened its Emergency Operations Center to handle the situation. Many schools in the United States offered free vaccinations once one was created.
The times back then were terrible. The Crucible is a play written by Arthur Miller in 1953 about The Salem Witch Trials of 1692.McCarthyism was the “witch hunt” for the communist in 1953.the parallels between The Crucible and McCarthyism are naming names,lack of proof ,and reststance. The first reason they are parallel is because of naming names. Hollywood director Elia Kazan went in front of the HUAC twice. The first time he did not confess and names.
In the Crucible those who were accused of being guilty, put on trial, and who are expected to confess. Unsuccessful to that led to death. In McCarthy, the media were not disposed to stand up to Senator McCarthy for the fear of being accused of being a Communist. Fear is the main factor playing in both situations, terror of being accused or what people might say, or think.
McCarthy had always had edited and fake evidence. He continued to hold unfair trials against those who were accused. In the crucible, John Proctor, a real victim of the Salem witch trials
Although, many people that were condemned weren’t actually apart of the Communist Party, (under McCarthyism around 1950-1954) they got blacklisted or lost their jobs. This social injustice is also portrayed in The Crucible as its characters face the Salem Witch Trials. Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible as his own reaction to the injustice of McCarthyism. Miller’s purpose was to show how people accused each other with false denunciations because of their fear, jealousy and solely hatred of one another under McCarthyism.
Also, since The Crucible was written to be parallel to McCarthyism, the same idea is shown. The same situation can be seen in The Crucible as Arthur Miller was influenced by the events that occurred during McCarthyism. In the Crucible, anyone whose name that had been mentioned underwent an investigation and was asked to prove that they were not partaking in witchcraft. Because this task was impossible, the court made rash decisions such as sending people to jail or sentencing them to be hanged. This scenario is seen in the crucible when Rebecca Nurse is accused.
Arthur Miller constructs his play upon the famous Salem witch trails. Miller's Crucible was written in the early 1950s. Miller wrote his drama during the brief reign of the American senator Joseph McCarthy whose bitter criticized anti- communism sparkled the need for the United States to be a dramatic anti- communist society during the early tense years of the cold war. By orders from McCarthy himself, committees of the Congress commenced highly controversial investigations against communists in the U.S similar to the alleged Salem witches situation. Convict communists were ordered to confess their crime and name others to avoid the retribution.