In the short story Pick One, author David Matthews develops the text’s purpose of demonstrating how social situations force people into groups with labels on them. Using his own experiences to portray a change in social setting and demographic, Matthews is able to develop the theme of how the changes can force individuals into a box where they either fit in or don’t. According to Matthews, the change in school and peers led to him feeling isolated and alienated, stating “Nothing prepared me for walking into that public-school classroom, … I had never felt so utterly on my own.” These feelings of alienation are the pretext to the eventual decision that Matthews makes in choosing which racial group to identify with; that being either black or
"They wanted me out because I'm not one of them. They're afraid of me because of the way I look, and they'll always be afraid of me no matter how hard I try to prove myself." (p. 29). In this quote, the protagonist Bijan reflects on the racism he faces from his predominantly white classmates, who accuse him of cheating and vandalizing school property. Despite Bijan's efforts to fit in and excel academically, he is constantly reminded of his "otherness", this quote highlights the emotional toll of racism, as Bijan comes to accept the feeling of being targeted by a community he wants to be a part of.
Race and ethnicity as socially-constructed categories separates friends from the same background. In the article “Best of Friends, Worlds Apart,” Cuban immigrant Joel Ruiz finds himself stuck between two worlds after landing on American soil. Ruiz’s childhood friend Valdes traveled to the United States together and settled down near one another. Valdes lives a well-off life in the Caucasian community as a Cuban. On the other hand, Ruiz identify himself as Cuban, yet, whites see him simply as black.
The book "Black in White Spaces" by Elijah Anderson is a perceptive investigation of the experiences of Black people navigating primarily White spaces. The effects of these experiences on Black people's sense of self and interactions with others are discussed in detail in Chapters 1-4. In the first chapter, Anderson sets the stage by describing his own experiences growing up in a predominantly white neighborhood and the impact it had on his sense of identity. He argues that these experiences are common among African Americans who live in predominantly white spaces, and that they face unique challenges in navigating these environments (Anderson 5).
“A fly in the milk” is a metaphor that has been used to explain what it’s like being a Black person surrounded by White people, or simply describes a person who is different from the rest. Robert Lake’s, “An Indian Father’s Plea”, he writes a letter addressing his son’s kindergarten that his son “is not culturally ‘disadvantages’ but he is culturally different.’” (20) Claude Steele’s book “Whistling Vivaldi: How Stereotypes Affect Us and What We Can Do” gives examples of how different people are labeled and how these labels affect them socially and mentally. Lake’s letter illustrates the stigma, identity contingencies, and stereotype threat that are similar to those presented in Claude Steele’s book.
Human tendency to categorize others extends to simple instinct. From the moment a baby is born, the first question already categorizes the baby: boy or girl. In Richard Rodriguez’s Brown: The Last Discovery of America, he addresses these ideals of categorizations, untangling arduous inner conflicts in the process. Due to his diversity, Rodriguez feels unwanted and omitted in his day-to-day life. Feeling uncategorized, Rodriguez journeys to discover new parts of himself and embrace them, as well as question societal norms.
This novel brings up the idea that race can be performed, meaning that if the way one acts, speaks, thinks, dresses differs from that of their perceived “race” one can be categorized
Tatum explores how people negotiate and understand their racial identity and how this affects their experiences and viewpoints, with effective use of the concept of "racial identity formation (Tatum, 2017). " From pre-encounter to internalization, the author thoroughly analyzes the many stages of racial identity development and how they affect people and their experiences. An in-depth analysis of the methods by which racial stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination are spread, as well as the effects they have on people and communities, is also provided by
Tatum uses the theoretical perspective of both symbolic interaction and conflict theory in this book. The symbolic interaction in this book looks at the social interaction between racial identities, how we see ourselves and how others see us. Furthermore, it manifests itself in the stereotypes and prejudices that are perpetuated in our society; stereotypes help to reinforce negative images and ideals that we have about different races. An example in her book Dr. Tatum explains that one of her white male student once responded in his journal “is not my fault that blacks do not write books” (1445).
The book, Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? addresses the topics of racial identity, racism, and the phenomenon of self-segregation. This book is written by Beverly Daniel Tatum, a psychologist who has given presentations on “Talking to Children about Race”, “Interrupting the Cycle of Oppression”, and “Understanding Racial Identity Development”. Tatum wrote this book in hope that with the right education and willingness to understand that soon our world could change. Tantum defines racism as “a system of advantage based on race” (Tatum, 1997,pg. 22), after defining racism Tantum discusses how racism by her definition only applies to Whites.
Society stereotypes. In Watts’s memoir “The Color of Success” he remembers the struggles of attending a primarily white school as a black student. The public judge’s people without even knowing the person or people they are judging. Watts explains that he knew about the stereotypes, and says “I occasionally confronted the stereotypes.” (Watts).
Can I really identify with these two groups of people by race?” is what Morado’s grandson stated. He, himself was scared of not being able to fit in. Our society, today, is everywhere with mixed feelings about biracial relationships. But these kids are just confused on what to be identified as.
The decision to attend a white school is a tough one and Junior understands that for him to survive and to ensure that his background does not stop him from attaining his dreams; he must battle the stereotypes regardless of the consequences. In this light, race and stereotypes only makes junior stronger in the end as evident on how he struggles to override the race and stereotypical expectations from his time at the reservation to his time at Rearden. How race and stereotypes made
This is our first look at the seperation of races. At this elementary school, there is a large presence of black children. The students refer to Dennis, a particular young child, as “the only white kid in our school,” (Packer 4). When the group of white girls, also known as Brownie troop #909, arrive to the school, the black girls see them as being so different. They even compare
Steele begins addressing the issue by saying that “ By making black the color of preference, these mandates have re-burdened society with the very marriage of color and preference( in reverse) that we set out to eradicate.” In essence Shelby states that by allowing blacks to get a free privilege that whites do not have, the same issue that people were attempting to eradicate had just been reversed except this time in favor of African Americans. Shelby further explains that “ In integrated situations where blacks must compete with whites who may be better prepared, these explanations may quickly wear thin and expose the individual to racial as well as personal self doubt.” By using the example of college Shelby shows people that just because something is free does not mean it is beneficial in fact it may have the opposite effect it set out to achieve. At this point the audience has been made aware of a problem on several occasion and at this point in time Shelby begins to elaborate on the issue creating more intricate situations in which the free privilege will affect African Americans in the future.
Moreover, demonstrate consequences are taken to oppress racial and ethnic minorities to keep them in a subservient position. Overall, this film has provided me with a visual depiction of how stereotypes are a mental tool that enforces racial segregation and self-hate. The label of “White” became a necessity for Sarah Jane to achieve in society. To attain it she needed to move to a new city, change her name and deny her mother.