The Russian author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn said, “The battle line between good and evil runs through the heart of every man”. In the play Macbeth by William Shakespear, a brave and devoted warrior is tempted by his ambition and eventually loses his honor. The three witches who first appear at the beginning of the play exert a powerful impact that ultimately leads to Macbeth's downfall.
Macbeth reaches his downfall after he encounters three witches who prophesied his future. The witches' prophecies provided Macbeth with the intention that he was destined to rule. He killed several people who stood in his path. The witches' predictions lead Macbeth to believe that he was invincible and that nothing could harm him. This false sense of security that he felt led him to make reckless decisions and eventually led the way to his downfall. In Act 1, Scene 3, the witches say to Macbeth, “All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Glamis! / All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor! / All hail,
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They use the phrase “Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn / The power of man, for none of women born / Shall harm Macbeth” (4.1.79-81). This feeds Macbeth's desires even more, which causes him to make snap judgements. The witches' impact is also apparent when Macbeth consults them once more for assurance. They present him with three ghostly images that further confuse and control him. A floating head appears as the first apparition, warning him to avoid Macduff. He is informed that he cannot be harmed a male who was born of a woman by a bloody child. The third ghost is a young child wearing a crown who informs him that he won't be vanquished until Birnam Wood visits Dunsinane. Due to these apparitions, Macbeth interprets the witches’ prophecy incorrectly and starts to think he is invincible. He becomes more and more careless, which brings about his
As Macbeth asked for more information from the witches, in their second encounter, he is flustered with riddled sentences that comfort him and give him a false sense of security. The apparitions that the witches summon each give Macbeth a piece of information that changes the way he thinks about his throne. One of the apparitions tells Macbeth that “none of woman born shall harm [him]” (4.1.102). The other apparition tells him that “[He] shall never be vanquished until Great Birnam Wood to Dunsinane Hill shall come against him” (4.1.115). With these prophecies Macbeth begins to think that none will be able to harm him and that he is for the most part invincible.
Dismiss me, enough” (V. i. 78-79), “None of woman born / Shall harm Macbeth.” (V. i. 87-89), and Macbeth shall never vanquished be, until / Great Birnam wood / to high Dunsinane hill / Shall come against him. (V. i. 101-103.) These visions lead Macbeth to be so blindsided that he puts himself in danger.
When Macbeth goes to the witches for the second time, they bring to him three apparitions. One was an armed head, the second was a bloody child, and the last was a child drowned with a tree in his hand. When the apparitions appear the first and second tell Macbeth to beware the Thane of Fire, and that the power of man for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth (4.1 75-89). When the third apparition appears it told Macbeth,“Be lion-mettled, proud, and take no care whos chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are: Macbeth shall never vanquish’d be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him” (4.1 100-104). The witches mislead Macbeth by bringing him these apparitions, making him think that he could not be harmed by a man not born from women not knowing that Macduff was exactly that.
The witches' supernatural abilities allow them to create hallucinations that only Macbeth can see, influencing his thoughts and actions such as corrupting his mind to the point where he kills Macduff’s family as a threat. One scene where we see the influence of the hallucinations created by the witches is in Act 2, Scene 1, just before Macbeth kills the king, he sees a dagger and says: "Is this a dagger that I see before me, the hilt to my hand?” The floating dagger that Macbeth further encourages his corrupted mind to commit the atrocity, pointing him in the direction of the king’s room. The prophecies have not only affected him, but also his wife. Lady Macbeth upon hearing about the prophecies, causes her to become corrupted.
To keep Macbeth’s faith in their prophetic abilities, when he seeks them out, the witches are chanting and dancing around a bubbling cauldron, brewing a spell. After Macbeth declares that he would prefer the universe to fall into chaos than be denied his answers, the prophecies are spoken by apparitions; a head wearing a battle helmet, a blood-covered child, and a child wearing a crown and carrying a tree. They tell him exactly what he wants to hear; “Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn the power of man, for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth.” (Act IV,
Macbeth come across the three witches, there they state, “All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor” (Act 1, Scene 3). In reply to the three witches, Macbeth demanded “stay you imperfect speakers! Tell me more”. With just these few statements announced, Macbeth’s thirst for power and glory arises and is clearly seen.
Appearing at the beginning of the play, the witches present themselves as both evil and untrustworthy in nature. When the witches appear before Macbeth and Banquo they greet him with “All hail Macbeth.” They begin manipulating Macbeth by naming him “Thane of Glamis”, “Thane of Cawdor” and “king hereafter.” Macbeth’s ambition is aroused as he cannot help but know more; “Stay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me more.”
“ ‘All hail Macbeth! Hail to thee! Than of Glamis’… ‘All hail Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter’ ” (Shakespeare Act I.5)! The witches willingly seek out Macbeth and tell him this news.
The witches play a major role in Macbeth's downfall. Their prophecies and apparitions affected him greatly. The first part of the prophecy stated that Macbeth will become king one day “All hail, Macbeth that shalt be King for himself” (1.3.51). In knowing his predictions Macbeth came to the conclusion that since the King is in fine health, he’ll have to kill him himself for the prophecy to be true. The witches had fueled desire and arrogance in Macbeth,
But yet I’ll make assurance double sure and take a bond of fate. Thou shalt not live, That I may tell pale-hearted fear it lies and sleep in spite of thunder.” This shows the manipulation and evilness that the witches portrayed onto Macbeth convincing him that the apparitions can tell the future and are right. They make him believe killing Macduff is the best decision just so he can sleep and feel at peace with himself.
The witches played a colossal role in Macbeth’s downfall and ultimately, his death. Since the first part of the prophecy stated Macbeth as being the new Thane of Cawdor, he believed he could continue to become king as well. In knowing his prediction, Macbeth also realized that since the king was in good health, so he would have to kill the king himself. For the rest of his prophecy to come true he would have to kill the king for himself. “All hail, Macbeth that shalt be king hereafter!”
As such, Macbeth is once again influenced by what the witches call upon. Three apparitions appear before Macbeth. The first apparition is his own severed head, confirming his fears about Macduff. In Act IV, Scene I, the apparitions say these words “Macbeth! Macbeth!
People are responsible for the consequences of their actions. When people are not responsible for their own actions, they tend to blame others for their problems. The lack of personal responsibility makes us as human beings, less responsible. The more you lack personal responsibility, the more you make excuses in order to get out of your own personal problem. In the story, Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, it shows Macbeth being a person that has little to no personal responsibilities.
Before the main character has any part in the play the witches start it off in ominous mutterings about wicked acts and the future. The fear among the audience is set before Macbeth even thinks about killing anybody. Macbeth is then told by the witches about things that are supposed to happen in his future, and assuming they are telling the truth he believes them. Not only does he believe them but he himself commits acts that make them come true. This is another representation of how people believed they could be affected by witches.
All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Glamis! All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! All hail, Macbeth! Thou shalt be king hereafter!