Discussion The ankle is the most frequently injured major joint in the body. Ultrasonography (US) performed with high-resolution broadband linear-array probes has become increasingly important in the assessment of ligaments around the ankle because it is low cost, fast, readily available, and free of ionizing radiation. US can provide a detailed depiction of normal anatomic structures and is effective for evaluating ligament integrity. In addition, US allows the performance of dynamic maneuvers, which may contribute to increasing the visibility of normal ligaments and improved detection of tears (1). US has shown valuable results in the evaluation of the normal and pathologic anatomic structures of the ankle and provides an imaging …show more content…
Although tendon Achilles is the strongest tendon in the human body, all literature agreed that the tendon Achilles is the most commonly injured ankle tendon. the site of pathological findings is typically within the critical zone, a zone of relative hypovascularity 2- 6 cm from the calcaneal insertion. In this study Achilles tendon injuries represented 38 % of all diagnosed ankle tendon injuries and ranged in severity from enthesopathy, tendinosis, partial tear, to complete tear. In this study, ultrasound was capable in detecting all Achilles tendon disorders indentified by MRI, clinical correlation, operative findings, and follow up (100% sensitivity). One of the potential advantages of ultrasonography over MRI in cases of Achilles tendon injuries is its ability to depict intratendinous calcifications or ossifications which are usually missed among the similar low signal pattern of the tendon at MRI. In this study, ultrsonography could identify distal Achilles tiny intratendinous calcific foci in two cases which were not clearly demonstrable at …show more content…
MRI ,however, may not be an accurate gold standard, because M. A. Arnoldner et al,(66) found a 87% concordance between MRI and ultrasound for evaluating PTT pathology, Image findings for US were confirmed in 66.7% by intraoperative inspection, whereas imaging findings for MRI were concordant with 55.6%. Although the small number of posterior tibial tendon pathology in this study group, our results were similar to the results acheived by miller et al, who correlated ultrasound findings in posterior tibial tendon injuries with surgical findings and showed that ultrasound allowed correct diagnosis in all of the cases of tendon diseases, including tendinosis, tenosynovitis, partial and complete tear. they also stated that ultrasound can demonstrate bony spurs or osteophytes adjacent to the posterior tibial tendon that may be difficult to identify by
Solution Name of the professional Dr. Paul N. Abeyta, M.D Profession Engaged in the professions of Sports medicine and orthopedic surgery How did he decided on this occupation Dr. Abeyta has a faith that tremendous outputs can be attained with unambiguous treatment and conversation schemes that are customized to the individual necessities of patient. He put emphasis on wound deterrence and makes the most of a multidisciplinary group which comprises superiorly taught licensed athletic trainers and corporeal therapists. He believes that cautious diagnostic assessment, sympathetic care, and appliances of existing surgical technique and medical information are all vital for returning the patients to their pre-injury point of movement.
Introduction The aim of this review paper is to access the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury of the knee (tibiofemoral) joint, which is a common sport and exercise injury related to the musculoskeletal system. Investigation of the anatomy and physiology of the knee joint, and the diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of ACL injuries will provide a descriptive epidemiology. This will aid readers in making informed management and treatment decisions, and guide them to safely perform movements to prevent injury. This review paper will incorporate holistic views on relevant scientific research, including primary resources such as journal articles and lecture notes, which will be cross-referenced
This tendon is located on the supraspinatus muscle and attached to the head of the humerus bone. This treatment would
The focus of the project is on the Plantar Fasciitis in the sport of the Soccer or Football if you are on the European side of the world. The Plantar Fascia, which is where the condition is mostly focus on, is made of thick fibers called fibrous aponeuroses. When the individual preforms activities, the stress and the tension begins to take a toll on the area. In soccer, or football, this is a very common
Tips for Preventing Temporomandibular Joint Pain Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMJ) is a group of symptoms identified by the pain caused in the head, face and jaw. These symptoms include soreness in the chewing muscles, headaches, and stiffness or clicking of the joints. TMJ in most cases is a long-lasting painful condition that reduces the quality of life. Even though patients are aware of the symptoms, they are often misinformed about the possible treatment options.
The purpose of this essay is to describe structure and function of the tendon, present a discussion on the process of pathophysiological Tendinopathy and provide a review of known intervention used to manage or treat both acute and chronic tendinopathies. Tendons act to serve a connective tissue linking muscle to bony attachment points and in the case of the intermediate tendons that will act to link a muscle belly to another (Benjamin and Kaiser, et al). Tendons are a uniaxial and assist in force transmission thus being able to withstand external forces from multiple planes and angles (Kannus, 2008). Tendons are also responsible for storage of power and changes in the mechanical energy of the body of which in turn reduces muscular work by
Clinical Decision Rules are a set of guidelines for clinicians to evaluate the need for radiographs avoiding unnecessary radiation exposure and ruling out the possibility of fracture. It is important to mention that before Clinical Decision Rules were established most patients were exposed to radiographs many of them getting negative reports and costing unneeded time and money. In addition of those three important Clinical Decision Rules ‘benefits, we cannot forget the opportunity provided by them for consistency in care. I intend to discuss the Clinical Decision Rules for the knee/ankle/foot applicable to the pediatric population.
NEUROMUSCULAR , PROPRIOCEPTIVE AND BALANCE TRAINING VS BRACING AND TAPING FOR PREVENTING RECURRENT ANKLE SPRAIN IN ATHLETES INTRODUCTION An ankle sprain is an injury to the tough ligaments that surrounds the bones and keeps in contact with each other (1). In India more than ten million cases per year is recorded (2). Ankle sprain makes about 15% of all athletic injuries occurring each day (1).
This pathology is a posterior heel pain, which includes many other pathologies as well. Achilles tendonitis can be diagnosed clinically and radiographically. This pathology is a chronic pain only
Patellar tendonitis (PT) is a chronic overuse injury, associated with anterior knee pain sustained during activity, and is a result of the patella tendon becoming overstressed and inflamed (Kettunen et al., 2002). A tendon is defined as a dense, fibrous tissue which is made up of collagenous fibres and attaches muscles to other body parts; usually bones. The patella tendon is located on the anterior aspect of the knee, and is a continuation of the quadriceps tendon and attaching on to the patella and the tibial tuberosity (Kuntzman and Tortora, 2010) and is the main structure by which the knee straightens. When the quadriceps muscles contract, the patella tendon is pulled, and in turn this pulls on the tibia, causing the leg to straighten.
The non-invasive imaging techniques of X-ray, CT-scan, MRI, Bone scan and Ultrasound can capture only gross cartilage defects and may not be useful for early detection of cartilage pathology [6]. The semi-invasive 2 techniques of arthroscopy are a diagnostic and surgical procedure to
Knee pain is the leading symptom, usually becoming worse when the affected knee is put in motion and improving when it is at rest. Persistent pain at rest, or at night, can be a sign of advanced osteoarthritis. The physical examination should incorporate all relevant findings, including findings on inspection and palpation, testing of the range of movement, and special functional tests when needed (e.g., ligament stability, meniscus tests, gait analysis). In imaging studies, X-ray imaging are used both for primary diagnosis and to assess the progression of the disease.
The hind foot: Itconfigures the heel and the ankle. The talus bone upkeepsthe leg bones (tibia and fibula), creating the ankle. The calcaneus (heel bone) is the biggest bone in your foot. Ligaments, muscles and tendonscourse along the planes of your feet, allowing the complexarrangementsdesirable for movement and steadiness. The Achilles tendon attaches your heel to the calf muscles and is indispensible for loping, hopping, and being upright on yourtoes.
Tendons are fibrous connective tissues composed of mostly of parallel arrays of collagen fiber bundles that densely packed together. Tendon usually connects muscle to bone, functioning simply to transmit forces and withstand tension during the contraction of muscles. A rupture and laceration of the tendon is more often the result of tensile force beyond what the tissue can stretch. Annually, there are 16.4 million musculoskeletal injuries in the United States which involve tendon and ligament injuries. It was evaluated that 200,000 ACL tears happen every year in the United States with 100,000 ACL reconstructive surgeries performed annually.
Healthy and functionally instable subjects took part in this study. For the step down protocol, the test leg was used as the step down leg off a 20cm high platform onto a force plate. This protocol is a replication from a study by Colby et al about ACL deficits. The jump landing protocol was taken from the study mentioned above by Ross et al. The conclusion from the study by Wilkstrom et al concluded that the best protocol to use to compare health and functionally instable ankles is the jump landing and should be analysed using the unbounded third order polynomial