Conclusion: Based on the results of molarity from Trials 1, 2, and 3, it is concluded that our experimental for each trial is .410M NaOH, .410M NaOH, and .450M NaOH. The actual molarity of the NaOH concentration used was found to be 1.5M NaOH. The percent error of the results resulted in 72%. The large error may have occurred due to over titration of the NaOH, as the color of the solution in the flask was a darker pink in comparison for the needed faint pink. Discussion of Theory: Titration is the basis of the Titration Lab because the goal of the lab was to titrate. Titration is determining the concentration of a solution by neutralizing it with another known concentration. We titrated the NaOH in the HCl. The titration caused a …show more content…
How did the final NaOH molarities compare for each trial? Were they similar? The results of the trials were reproducible in the sense that they all showed consistency in molarities. 2) Why were you able to pour the products down the sink for this lab? What were your two products of this reaction? The two products formed from the titration were table salt and water, both of which could be dumped into the sink without any harm being caused. 3) What is the balanced chemical equation for this titration? NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O 4) Define: Standard Solution: Titration: A lab procedure used to determine the concentration of a solution by neutralizing it with a solution of another known concentration. Endpoint: pH at which indicator changes color and titrating is stopped. Volumetric Analysis: A measurement of volume of a solution of a known concentration which is used to determine the analyte’s concentration. Gravimetric Analysis: A technique to determine the analyte based on its measured mass. Equivalence Point: pH at which the moles of H3O¬+ equal the moles of OH- and solution is neutralized. Indicator: A weak acid or base and its conjugate ion whose color changes as pH
A hot plate was placed under the ring stand. 50 mL of 3.0 M NaOH in a 250 mL beaker and a stir bar was placed in the beaker. The beaker with NaOH was placed on the hot plate and 3.75 grams of NaAlO2*5H2O was placed in the beaker. The temperature probe was placed in the beaker with the solution, not touching the bottom of the beaker. The solution was heated and stirred till the solution dissolved.
We then slowly poured NaOH into the beaker until the solution neutralized, turning the indicator pink. The mixture would need to stay pink for 30 seconds. The paler the pink, the more accurate the measurements. We then recorded the remaining amount of NaOH in the buret. This process was repeated for the Up & Up gastric
Procedure Before conducting any experiment, it is important to wear safety goggles to ensure protection for the eyes. With the objective of differentiating the two unknown substances, the ideal method to determine which substance is an acid or base was utilizing litmus paper. After a few drops of the first substance, on one half of the litmus paper, no colour change was observed. It was concluded that the second solution would be the acid or base. To determine whether it was an acid or base, a few drops of the solution was applied to the other half of the litmus paper, resulting in a colour change to the colour blue, which indicates that the substance was a base.
3. Upon adding 20 drops of NaOH, a white precipitate was formed signifying acidic impurity. In the second NaOH mixture, about 20 drops were administered and no precipitate formed indicating that the ample is more pure than before. Data: Weight of flask = 75.10 grams Weight of the flask with solids =
Then 35 ml of 1.00 M of Sodium hydroxide was measured and set aside. Using the calorimeter, the hydrochloric acid was stirred heartily and its temperature was recorded as the initial temperature. The temperature of the Sodium hydroxide was assumed to be similar because they were both in the same conditions (lab) for the exact amount of time. Next the Sodium Hydroxide solution was added to the hydrochloric acid solution in the cups and stirred until the temperature stabilized. This was recorded as the final
The cleanliness of the apparatus used is was a possible source of error. Even after trying to find the cleanest pipets and glassware, there were a distinct hint of purple and blue that covered parts of the apparatuses. Even after cleaning with ethanol, the residue could not be fully removed from the materials, thus possibly affecting the concentration of solutions that passed through the stained apparatuses. Having a more effective cleaning method would resolve this source of error. Since the reaction between the dye and NaOH was instantaneous, it was impossible to mix the solution together and measure the absorbance of the solution from the moment of reaction.
Verna Wang Hannah Palmer CHEM 101-069 Lab 11-19-16 Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagents Lab Report Purpose: We are using the reaction of sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride to illustrate stoichiometry by demonstrating proportions needed to cause a reaction to take place. Background: Just like a recipe would call for a specific amount of one ingredient to a specific amount of another, stoichiometry is the same exact method for calculating moles in a chemical reaction. Sometimes, we may not have enough of or too much of one ingredient , which would be defined as limiting and excess reagent, respectively.
These will then be tested with the pH scale to find out the results. Method
The equation of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethanoic acid is as follows: CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O We can measure the end point of titration process and we can also measure the amount of reactants. The concentration of ethanoic acid in the vinegar can be determined through stoichiometric calculations, Using the values obtained from the titration, and also the chemical equation as a reference. Phenolphthalein indicator is used in this acid-base titration Equipment and materials:
To identify the unknown acid. 4. To determine acid dissociation constant, Ka and pKa for the unknown acid. Introduction: Titration process is used in an acid-base experiment in order to determine the concentrations of solutions of acids and bases.
It is important to keep track of all of your data and format it in an organized matter. One thing that caused confusion in this experiment was jumping around from different measurements instead of going through them in order. Also there was some miscommunication in our group. Assign certain tasks to small groups within your group to eliminate some time and receive a more accurate measurement. The experiment tells us that the higher the amount of percent salt solution that’s in the volumetric flask, the higher the density will be.
250 ml of 0.1 M NaOH solution needs to be prepared from the solid pellets of sodium hydroxide. This solution was prepared in a 250-mL volumetric flask using distilled water. The solution was made using the following method: i. The volumetric flask was approximately filled 75% full with distilled water through the funnel. ii. To the volumetric flask, sodium hydroxide pellets were added.
First, add three milliliters of water as well as three drops of lugols iodine into a test tube and the pipette 2.5 milliliters to be the blank in this experiment. Have four flasks and number them one through four and add 22 milliliters of water and two milliliters of starch solution. Acquire four test tubes and pipette one milliliter into each test tube and then put them on ice to chill. Add three drops of lugols iodine to eight test tubes. place flask numbered one as well as the test tube numbered one in an ice bath for five minutes.
The chemical equation for this experiment is hydrochloric acid + sodium thiosulphate + deionised water (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in 5ml intervals) sodium chloride + deionised water (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in 5ml intervals) + sulphur dioxide + sulphur. As a scientific equation, this would be written out as, NA2S2O3 + 2HCL + H2O (ranging from 25ml to 0ml in
That caused a new initial reading of NaOH on the burette (see Table1 & 2). The drops were caused because the burette was not tightened enough at the bottom to avoid it from being hard to release the basic solution for titrating the acid. The volume of the acid used for each titration was 25ml. The volume of the solution was then calculated by subtracting the initial volume from the final volume. We then calculated the average volume at each temperature.