16th And 19th Century American Reinvention

Pilgrims and puritans began a journey to a new land in search for religious freedom, and a fresh start to a brighter future. Both searched for a change to colonize their families, spread and develop their own beliefs of worship, and create a foundation to combine the wealth of opportunity and worship together without the strong influence of England. The geographical change would be the first challenge for the pilgrims and puritans. England held both parties until word of opportunity began to spread like wildfire.

A major continuity over time will always be shown in the world, even if an event took place years ago. In this standard many dates and time periods were stated. Wars broke out, new presidents took the stand, and a handful of laws were brought into place but were changed as time moved on. Even though these events were dated so long ago, they played a major role in the shaping of our nation. With the past events that occurred, these events are still practiced and used today. When comparing the 1800-1880s to modern day America, similarities of these two time periods include the migration of immigrants, westward expansion, and the economic ways we make money, some differences amongst them are slavery, voting, and the act of “conscription.”

What is fundamentalism? Essentially, it is an adherence to the literally interpreted Bible as fundamental to life and teaching. In his book, Fundamentalism and American Culture, George M. Marsden attacks the daunting question of “How has the fundamentalist movement managed to resist the pressures of the scientific community and the draw of modern popular culture to hold on to their ultra-conservative Christian views?” Not only does this History textbook answer that pressing question, but it also tells the incredible, encouraging tale of how Christian principles CAN survive in a godless world.

One of the oldest crops is cotton and then technological advances stimulated the cotton industry.

When Columbus returned from his first venture to the Caribbean, he brought Native Americans with him to Europe, where they were promptly baptized and became Christian. To King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, who had already put into effect

Walsh, Kenneth T. “The Most Consequential Elections in History: Thomas Jefferson and the Election of 1800.” U.S. News & World Report, U.S. News & World Report, 13 Aug. 2008, www.usnews.com/news/articles/2008/08/13/the-most-consequential-elections-in-history-thomas-jefferson-and-the-election-of-1800.

The Columbian Exchange refers to the monumental transfer of goods such as: ideas, foods, animals, religions, cultures, and even diseases between Afroeurasia and the Americas after Christopher Columbus’ voyage in 1492. The significance of the Columbian Exchange is that it created a lasting tie between the Old and New Worlds that established globalization and reshaped history itself (Garcia, Columbian Exchange). Worlds that had been separated by vast oceans for years began to merge and transform the life on both sides of the Atlantic (The Effects of the Columbian Exchange). This massive exchange of goods gave rise to social, political, and economic developments that dramatically impacted the world (Garcia, Columbian Exchange).

Several American policies during the 1800s affected our nation’s growth and the different groups of people who lived here. Our relationships with other countries changed, and most of the policies, while increasing the United States’ power and size, had negative impacts on Native people.

In what ways did the American West of the late nineteenth century represent a contrast to the East? In what ways did the two regions resemble each other?

During the creation of Colonial America, many early ideas and characteristics began to form. Backgrounds began to become more diverse and communities began to become more occupied. Earlier more successful governments, set strong precedents, and taught American Founders the ideal route. A time period that was most influential for the American government was the Enlightenment Period. The Enlightenment set a foundation that many founders referenced and created the United States in their footsteps. The Age of Enlightenment influenced America's founders, considering it was a thriving time for all of science, technology, and many great minds. By having proof that this government lead to social and economic success, it impacted their opinions toward the government greatly.

Both Nathan O. Hatch and Gordon S. Wood address the changes America endured by 1850 in their excerpts, however each differ in their explanations. Hatch claims that the most important movements were religious and those religious movements effected and evoked other ideas of politics, standards, and culture. Then, Woods suggests that population and economic changes caused alterations in countless areas of American life, including religion. Both defend contradicting reasons for people coming together and becoming a unified, American force.

Religion was the main driving force throughout the entire period of European colonization of America. Most Europeans were motivated by desire for wealth, land, economic opportunity, and religious freedom. The First Great Awakening, although a religious revolution, had a huge impact on the class and colonial politics. This revolution helped formed a unity among colonists, allowed religious pluralism, and started the notion of state rule as a contract with the people. However, the downside of this revolution is that it combines religion and government together as well as created a fear and hatred of Catholicism.

Before the Spanish ship that changed it all, which arrived in the “New World” in 1492, thriving organized communities of native people had centuries of history on the land. That ship, skippered by Christopher Columbus, altered the course of both Native American and European history. 1492 sparked the fire of cultural diffusion in the New World which profoundly impacted the Native American peoples and the European settlers.

Duncan Campbell Scott was prosecuted under the Official Secrets Act in 1978 from his controversial “Secret Society” series for BBC. The Official Secrets Act is a binding legislation between Hong Kong, India, Ireland, United Kingdom, and formerly Canada and New Zealand which provides protection for government secrets and information, usually related to national security. Duncan was primarily known for his literature through poems and stories. His work reflected with his experiences with the Department of Indian Affairs. Duncan’s perspective on the First Nations resulted in many critically controversial opinions. He expressed that the indigenous groups were noble, but doomed to disappear.

The contribution of the Christian community to higher education in India is truly noteworthy. From a historical perspective it may be noted that the first Christian institution of higher learning in India, named CMS College was established in the year 1818, in Kottayam, Kerala State, in South India. In the year 1819 at Serampore near Calcutta, a higher educational institution was established modelled on the European Universities. It is worth mentioning that in the 19th century, the Christian Missions contributed in a commendable way to the expansion of English higher education. Their contribution was an asset to the British Government and the native endeavours in the field of education. The missionaries provided remarkable and priceless service