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1962 Rebellion Causes

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The rebellion occurred on 8th December 1962 during the ruler of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien. It involves the first nationalistic party in Brunei named Partai Rakyat Brunei (PRB), which led by Sheikh A.M. Azahari and the rebellion led by their illegal armed forced, which to be known as North Kalimantan National Army or Tentera Nasional Kalimantan Utara (TNKU) the commander, Jassin Affandy.. According to Harun Abdul Majid (2007, p.36), the revolt occurred due to the issue whether or not Brunei to join Malaysia, which to be known as Malaysian Plan. Furthermore, the 1959 constitution can also be the reason for the outbreak of the 1962 rebellion. This is because Dayang Noralipah (2010, p.163) illustrated that Partai Rakyat Brunei (PRB) reflects the dissatisfaction towards the 1959 constitution. However, Harun Abdul Majid stated that the 1962 rebellion was also because of the formation of Malaysia, but also due to another reasons such as the ambitions of the Partai Rakyat Brunei (PRB) that wanted to be independent and deport the British colonist in Brunei. They also wanted to merge Borneo territories, which involved Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei to be Borneo Federation, which to be known as the Unitary State of North Kalimantan (Negara Kesatuan Kalimantan Utara, NKKU) as well as aiming to make Brunei government as a system of democracy.

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