On November 11th 2015, Duke University’s Prison Network Series brought Lisa Gunther to discuss the 2013 California Prison Hunger Strikes. The event titled ‘A Critical Phenomenology of Solidarity & Resistance in the 2013 California Prison Hunger Strikes’ focused on the theory and structure of solitary confinement, how it affected the inmates confined and the hunger strikes that resulted. This essay will include a brief description of Lisa Gunther’s talk and a particular focus on the areas that I found most stimulating and relevant to my AAAS course. Gunther commenced her talk with the background of solitary confinement in the Pelican Bay State Prison. She described solitary confinement and analyzed how the structure was likened to ‘weaponized architecture’ i.e. a place designed to implement violence. Gunther then discussed how mainly people who were deemed too dangerous for regular …show more content…
Unsurprisingly, the majority of the 30,000 prisoners isolated were African Americans and Latino men. However, what particularly struck me were the characteristics that led to some of these individuals being imprisoned. For example, Gunther noted that California’s gang validation procedures ensured that gang members were to be placed in solidary confinement. Thus, one can conclude that there are some black and Latino men who were confined due to their titles and statuses as opposed to actually committing crimes. Due to the point system of the Gang Validation Policy, a man with an M-13’ tattoo or a Swahili Dictionary was more likely to be confined to solidarity than a white man who is equally as dangerous. Therefore, racial disparities within solidary confinement in Pelican Bay arose from the gang culture that existed within African American and Hispanic communities and the stereotypes attached to these ethnicities in relation to this gang
Throughout the course of the semester our class discussions have centered around the question, how did the United States come to hold the title of the highest rate of incarceration in the world. All of the books and films covered in class have pointed out how race and policing practices are linked to mass incarceration. Lockdown America: Police and Prisons in the Age of Crisis by Christian Parenti discusses these issues. In his book Parenti analysis how the criminal justice system came to be what it is today, economically and politically. Parenti then discusses policing and policing on immigrants.
As a young african american male, I’ve encountered many challenges and obstacles that has been tough to overcome for any male; especially male of color. Novelist Jennifer Gonnerman shared one forth of what African American males go through on a day to day basis, in her article, “Before the Law,” that sheds light on a particular incident about a kid from Bronx named Kalief Browder; who was falsely accused of taking a backpack from a New York resident on the day of Saturday, May 15, 2010. Kalief Browder spent the next two to three years confined in Rikers Island (Correctional Facility), which is a four-hundred-acre island in the EastRiver, between Queens and the Bronx. Kalief Browder was being charged with many charges such as robbery, grand
In this prison, inmates were subject to psychological abuses and absolute isolation. This “…demonstrated that the state’s power was in fact growing rather than shrinking, at least with regard to punishment” (Berger,
Major Ethical Issues of Solitary Confinement Solitary confinement can affect a person’s physical and mental health simply because it deprives an individual of their need to interact with others on a daily basis. Solitary confinement, which is used to restrain violent and volatile inmates from the general prison population, is done in increments ranging from several months to years. In an article retrieved from the American Psychological Association, ‘Alone, in ‘the Hole’’, the author states that, “for most of the 20th century, prisoners' stays in solitary confinement were relatively short.” This was the standing rule, in which inmates visited what is known as ‘the hole’, for several weeks to months. As time went by, the average length of stay
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander, M. (2012). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness (Rev. ed.). New York, NY: The New Press. Michelle Alexander in her book, "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness" argues that law enforcement officials routinely racially profile minorities to deny them socially, politically, and economically as was accustomed in the Jim Crow era.
This essay analyzes the rhetorical strategies employed in this documentary and their effectiveness in the observer's mind. Logos Solitary confinement worsens the behavior of the inmates. The fifty four minutes film reveals that about 80,000 inmates in America alone live in isolation (Edge). The isolation was initiated to make the prisons safe and also punish the inmates. There is an evidence of an inmate earnestly trying to open his cell’s door to no avail.
Prompt 2 First Draft Prison Industrial Complex (PIC) is a term used to describe the overlapping interests of government and industry that use surveillance, policing, and imprisonment as solutions to social, economic, and political problems. Angela Davis is a journalist and American political activist who believes that the U.S practice of super-incarceration is closer to new age slavery than any system of criminal justice. She defines the PIC as biased for criminalizing communities of color and used to make profit for corporations from the prisoner’s suffering. In her book, Are Prisons Obsolete? , she argues that the prison systems are no longer in use and out of date since prisons just keep increasing as each become more and more populated.
Topic: Prison overcrowding General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech, the audience will be able to identify and describe the key reasons and issues of prison overcrowding. Introduction Attention Getter Imagine being locked up in a confined space with little to no air conditioning, concrete walls, concrete floors, poor sanitation, rowdy peers, no soft comforts of a home, and a lack of the everyday basic needs.
Michelle Alexander, similarly, points out the same truth that African American men are targeted substantially by the criminal justice system due to the long history leading to racial bias and mass incarceration within her text “The New Jim Crow”. Both Martin Luther King Jr.’s and Michelle Alexander’s text exhibit the brutality and social injustice that the African American community experiences, which ultimately expedites the mass incarceration of African American men, reflecting the current flawed prison system in the U.S. The American prison system is flawed in numerous ways as both King and Alexander points out. A significant flaw that was identified is the injustice of specifically targeting African American men for crimes due to the racial stereotypes formed as a result of racial formation. Racial formation is the accumulation of racial identities and categories that are formed, reconstructed, and abrogated throughout history.
Nomberg-Przytyk sent the prisoners away “with heavy hearts” so as to save their lives. She was faced with the dilemma of sending sick prisoners to certain death or to have them work in grueling conditions. She faced ethical dilemmas in this deliberately awful healthcare system as she turned down these sick inmates, reflecting limited resources and devalued lives. Nomberg-Przytyk's account of Mengele highlights the indifference held by Nazis towards prisoners, revealing abhorrent conditions in which healthcare and human dignity were severely lacking. These abhorrent conditions can be likened to the Texas prison
In my honest opinion solitary confinement in the U.S. is not justified and only does more harm than good. Not only is it a rash punishment, but it is one of the worst kinds of psychological tortures that could be inflicted upon an inmate. Human beings are undoubtedly social creatures and without the mere contact of another person the mind decays and ultimately leads a person to anger, anxiety, and hopelessness. Psychologists also claim that solitary confinement and isolation in general also cause depression or the loss of ability to have any "feelings", cognitive disturbances, such as confused thought processes and disorientation, perceptual distortions, such as hypersensitivity to noises and smells, distortions of sensations, and hallucinations affecting all five senses, as well as paranoia and psychosis which often times involve schizophrenic type symptoms, and finally, the worst of all symptoms, being self-harm such as self-mutilation, cutting and even suicide attempts.
Along with African-American/Blacks, the Hispanic population is underrepresented at both the state and federal levels while the Caucasian/White population are underrepresented (Walker, Spohn, & DeLone, 2018). This essay will discuss multiple different races and ethinicities to regard their population make up within the prison system. Although race and ethnicity relate to one another they are different. According to Walker et al. (2018), race is defined as the, “major biological divisions of mankind,” for
The historical monograph, City of Inmates, by Dr. Kelly Lytle Hernández, let’s us dive into the beginnings of Los Angeles and lets us discover on how the city transformed into what is now the capital of incarceration in the United States. Hernandez criticizes how instead of prisons being utilized as tools to keep society save from criminals, they have also been instances of it being used to keep middle to high class white American ideals safe from the poor working class, implying how even though one of Los Angeles first accomplishments was to eliminate the spanish casta system, it never truly got rid of the casta system since there is still a force continuing to enforce the social hierarchy, but modified throughout the years to racially target
Annotated Bibliography Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York: The New Press. Alexander opens up on the history of the criminal justice system, disciplinary crime policy and race in the U.S. detailing the ways in which crime policy and mass incarceration have worked together to continue the reduction and defeat of black Americans.
In his essay, “Hell Hole” Atul Gawande informs his audience how damaging solitary confinement can be to the human body and character. To make his argument he uses examples of prisoner’s solitary confinement stories and people who have been similar situations. Gawande explains to his readers the difference phases and problems the human body goes through considering the lack of human interaction. The writer makes a compelling argument that solitary confinement is detrimental to the human’s mental state and physical well-being. His argument includes impressive diction, vivid emotional appeals, and logos appeal to guide his readers through his essay.