In this lab, the oxidation of a secondary alcohol was performed and analyzed. An environmentally friendly reagent, sodium hypochlorite, was used to oxidize the alcohol, and an IR spectrum was obtained in order to identify the starting compound and final product. The starting compound could have been one of four alcohols, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, 3-heptanol, or 2-heptanol. Since these were the only four initial compounds, the ketone obtained at the end of the experiment could only be one of four products, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 3-heptanone, or 2-heptanone. In order to retrieve one of these ketones, first 1.75g of unknown D was obtained. 1mL of Acetic acid was then added to Unknown D and the solution was stirred. Next, 15mL of sodium …show more content…
This aqueous solution was then heated until all the dichloromethane evaporated off. An error could have occurred at this point in the experiment if the hot plate was too hot. If the hot plate was set above the boiling point of the ketone, the ketone could have evaporated of along with the dichloromethane. This would result in a lower percent yield of the ketone. To prevent this from happening, the hot plate should not exceed 130˚C, so no matter what ketone was isolated, it would not evaporated off. At this point I found that if the hot plate was at 147˚C the solution boiled more vigorously, meaning that my ketone hade a boiling point of 147˚C, which was close to the known boiling point value for 3-heptanone, 146˚C. The hot plate was turned down after this was noticed. After the solution was heat, approximately for five minutes, the mass was found for the bottom layer, which was 2.27g, and the percent yield was calculated. The percent yield was determined by taking the mass of the final ketone and dividing it by the original mass of the alcohol. The percent yield was calculated to be 129.7%. This high percent yield resulted from the presence of
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Show MoreExperiment 2 Report Scaffold (Substitution Reactions, Purification, and Identification) Purpose/Introduction 1. A Sn2 reaction was conducted; this involved benzyl bromide, sodium hydroxide, an unknown compound and ethanol through reflux technique, mel-temp recordings, recrystallization, and analysis of TLC plates. 2. There was one unknown compound in the reaction that was later discovered after a series of techniques described above.
Nevertheless, the latter is not used in this experiment since it is very reactive and extremely flammable. On the contrary, NaBH4 is relatively mild and it can be used with protic solvents. In this manner, 1.507 grs of the ketone 9-fluorenone were mixed with 30.0 ml of 95% ethanol in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The bright yellow mixture was stirred during 7 minutes until all the components were dissolved.
Chem 51LB Report Ngoc Tran - Student ID # 72048507 The purpose of this lab is to examine the composition of three components of gas products of elimination reaction under acidic condition by conducting the dehydration of primary and secondary alcohol, and under basic condition by conducting the base-induced dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane. Then gas chromatography is used to analyze the composition of the product mixtures. Gas chromatography (mobile phase) is used to analyze the composition of three components of the gas products. A syringe needle with gas product is injected into the machine, and the component is eluted and the composition is related to the column or the peaks.
Then, with the mass we calculated, we compared it with what it should have been to reach a percent yield. The percent yield we reached was 130% yield which is clearly much more than the perfect 100% yield. Oddly, the yield was greater than 100%, meaning that we ended with more copper(II) oxide than should have been possible considering how much copper(II) sulfate we started the reaction with. We indeed did have an experimental yield of 0.850 g which is almost two hundredths of a gram larger than the theoretical yield of 0.6531 g. This would be considered rather unsuccessful as a result of the almost impossible
Your actual yield is the measurement you get using a balance. Baking soda plays a huge role in this lab. Baking soda’s chemical name is sodium bicarbonate, and its chemical formula is NaHCO3. In addition, it is used in making dough rise, making soda fizzy, and is inside of our toothpastes. So when we
There are however some aspects of the experiment that could be changed with little to no effect on the color of the solution or the calculated molar masses. For instance, if the amount of deionized water used were to be doubled, there would be no change in the results of the titration calculations. This is the reason that the amount of DI water used in this experiment was not measured nor
The final product weight for percent yield was only the solid E product, which missed one half of the final product produce. If both products were weight, the percent yield would have been larger that it was. Instead of 22.33%, it could have been 44.66%. To prove that both products were obtained, but only one of the two products was analyze, a TLC plate of the DCM layer, that contains both products, and of the final product, was obtain.
The % yield was greater than 100% because the actual yield was greater than the theoretical yield. One error that may have caused this result to occur was that the copper may have not completely dried over the time it was left. If water was still inside the copper, it would increase the mass of the actual yield. If the copper was left in the beaker to dry for a longer time, it would help decrease the mass of the copper (as the water would be completely dried out) and bring the actual yield down.
After the assigned reaction was complete, samples of authentic cis-cyclohexene-1,2-diol, authentic trans-cyclohexene-1,2-diol, a 50:50 mix of the cis and trans cyclohexene-1,2-diols, and the product were each spotted on the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) plate. Then the TLC plate was placed inside a saturated beaker filled ethyl acetate in order to develop the plate. Once the solvent traveled up the solvent front, the plate was stained with anisaldehyde solution and then heated with a heat gun so the results could be visible. When looking at the results, the spot for the authentic cis-cyclohexene-1,2-diol turned a dark purple/light pink color, the spot for the authentic trans-cyclohexene-1,2-diol turned a light purple/blue color, the spot of the 50:50 mix of the cis and trans cyclohexene-1,2-diols turned a dark purple/light pink color, and the spot for the product turned a dark pink color. The color similarities between the product, the cis-cyclohexene-1,2-diol, and even the 50:50 mix of cis and trans diols indicated that the
Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to find the rate law for the reaction of iodine with acetone using the initial rates method. The rates of each reaction was found by measuring the time elapsed between the addition of iodine to the solution and for the color of iodine to completely disappear in various trials. After the experiment was completed, the rates of iodine, the constant and the standard deviation were calculated and the rate law for the reaction of iodine was found to be: Rate=8.075 ±0.359 〖[A]〗^1 〖[HCl]〗^1 〖[I]〗^0 Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to ascertain the rate law for the reaction of iodine with acetone, also known as iodination, by using proper experimental methods and calculations with the method
A higher or lower percent yield would have suggested an incorrect amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate was used or the product was not left under gentle blowing air for long enough. Percent yield was used instead of percent recovery, because the experiment involved the created of a product, not the extraction of a product
The experiment that was done was to figure out “Does the amount of calcium chloride affect the temperature of water?” For the procedure, the experiment asked to record the initial temperature of 75 mL of water. The first trial said to add zero scoops of calcium chloride and stir for two minutes to record the temperature. Once the first temperature was recorded, it must be written from the difference between the initial temperature and the new temperature. Next, it asked to add one scoop of calcium chloride and stir for two minutes and record.
As seen in table 1, the theoretical yield was .712 g of C_17 H_19 NO_3. The % yield of this experiment was 7.51 % of C_17 H_19 NO_3. . This low yield can be explained from a poor recrystallization technique combined with potential contamination. Throughout the experiment, the mixture changed color from green, orange, to yellowish lime, and eventually clear.
The moles of NaOH was then divided by the liters of NaOH used to find the molarity, which was added to trial 2 then divided by 2 to find the average
The precipitate, which gets separated, was filtered, dried and recrystallised from 95% hot ethanol. Table 1: Quantity of aldehydes taken S. No. Aldehydes Molecular weight Quantity taken