Five Civilized Tribes

Before becoming president, Andrew Jackson had distinguished himself as a champion of white settlers against the American Indians. In the War of 1812, Jackson had led an offensive against the Creek nation in an attempt to clear the Mississippi Territory for white settlement, and under President James Monroe, he had participated in the First Seminole War, which devastated the Seminole tribe of Florida. By the time Jackson entered the White House, white settlers in Georgia had been complaining for some time about the continued presence of Cherokee and Creek people on the lands they wished to inhabit. These white settlers were emboldened by the election of Jackson in 1828 and revoked the constitution of the Cherokee Nation in Georgia, declaring

In President Andrew Jackson’s Message to Congress on December 6,1830, it was said “Cherokee nation occupies its own territory and no Georgia citizens have the right to enter” (Worcester). The Indians had the right to keep their land but president Jackson took their land away. The Indians also had their rights being violated by the government in other ways. In America History of our Nation their rights were also being violated because the government had a law signed forcing the Creeks to give up most of their land (page 357). Their rights were again being violated, showing another reason why the Indian Removal Act should not have been

The Americans found gold in georgia which was also cherokee land and that cause Georgia and southern states to pass a law that gave them the right to take over native americans lands, Jackson did support the united states. After that that lead to the indian removal acts which was proposed by Jackson, the proposal was objected, but after debating the indian removal act of 1830 was passed, it required government to negotiate treaties which required native americans to move west. After the removal act it lead to the all so famous trail of tears. Whites invaded and the native americans had no other choice but to sign treaties all the other tribes agreed except the Cherokees since they wanted to protect their land from being destroyed by the Americans. Chief Justice John Marshall had said that only federal government, could make laws governing the cherokees, not the states.

In the article “The Hunger for Indian Land in Andrew Jackson’s America” written by Anthony F. C. Wallace, the treatment of Indian tribes and land in the Jacksonian Era is discussed. This purpose of the article is to explain the reason for Indian removal that occurred under Andrew Jackson’s presidency. The thesis of this article is that Americans kicked the natives off of their land to expand America's cotton industry. In Wallace’s first point he explains Andrew Jackson's reasons for removing the Indians from their lands were for his personal interest rather than for the good of the people. Jackson was looking at land that was in Northern Alabama and was seen as a “prospectively lucrative site for agricultural development” (Wallace).

He led campaigns against the Creeks that lived in southern states in the Florida-campaigns that resulted in the loss of land for the natives. Hundreds of thousands of acres of land became white farmer owned. Although the theft of their land was unfair, most natives didn’t object or fight the White Americans. When the Native Americans would be stripped of their land, they would be put into “Indian colonization zone”, which, now in present day, is known as Oklahoma. When Andrew Jackson became president, he signed the Indian Removal Act, which gave the government the power to take native land and send the Native Americans to the “Indian colonization

The Civil War changed the future of the United States. The war began as a struggle to preserve the Union, but not a struggle to free the slaves, and many in the North and South felt that the conflict would decide both issues at last. Many slaves escaped to the North in the early years of the war, and several Union generals established abolitionist policies in the Southern land that they conquered. Congress passed laws permitting the seizure of slaves from the property of rebellious Southerners. On September 22, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln presented the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.

Some Cherokees, that were not comfortable with the whites moving in on their territories, the Indians moved west on their own and settled in other areas of the country. A group known as the Old Settlers previously had voluntarily moved in 1817 to lands given to them in Arkansas where they established a peaceful way of life. Later, however, they were forced to migrate to Indian

In the 1830’s America was highly influenced by the Manifest Destiny which was the territorial expansion of the United States across North America towards the Pacific Ocean. The United States government believed that the Native Americans were a problem that was hindering Manifest Destiny from being fulfilled .At the trail of tears native Americans were persecuted against heavily. Until 1828 the federal government had Cherokee rights to their land and in that same year Andrew Jackson was elected president and this all ended. Throughout Jackson's life he had fought Indians, beginning with his campaign against the Northern Creek Indians of Alabama and Georgia. He led the Tennessee militia to fight Seminoles in Florida in a war known as the "First Seminole War" just seven years before his election into the presidency .

Groups such as the Ku Klux Klan became prominent in the south. however, this was no longer something reconstruction could help former slaves with. Eventually, Hayes was elected after Johnsons’ impeachment and the Reconstruction era ended. The reconstruction ended in 1877 due to the Compromise of 1877 and the pulling of republicans alongside union troops out of the deep south. though the reconstruction attempted to unify the country back together as one by allowing confederate states into the union under strict conditions, and to help former slaves by granting basic human rights there were still many issues present throughout the

“The war that ensued started at Fort Sumter, South Carolina, on April 12, 1861, and lasted four years”(Confederate.., pg1). The North and South were quite different, so during the Civil war, each side had advantages politically, socially, economically, and demographically. One of the Advantages the North had was Political. The South seceded from the Union because they feared the end to slavery, so when they left the union they had no government. After all of the states seceded, they announced the creation of the Confederate States of America.

Beyond the question of Jackson 's morality, what was the ultimate reason behind the removal? The answer to this is simple: white settlers wanted to grow and cultivate on Indian lands, and they attained this when the government pushed the natives out of their lands. This act, as stated before, led directly to the Trail of Tears. Many tribes were relocated and had to walk hundreds of miles, suffering from disease, exhaustion, and

Dade Massacre Lindley Hill Dr. Davis AMH 2020 Final Paper 20 October 2015 The Dade massacre was a battle between the Seminole Indians and United States Army in December of 1835. Named after Francis L. Dade, who was one of the soldiers killed in battle. At the time, the American government was trying to force the Native Americans out of Florida. Most of the tribes ended up leaving, but not willingly. The Seminole tribe gave the American Army a run for their money.

Contrary to popular belief, Thomas Jefferson was the one who proposed the idea of the Indian Removal Act. The proposal was made when native tribes refused to integrate and adapt to American lifestyle (assimilation). In fact, Jefferson stated, “if we are constrained to lift the hatchet against any tribe, we will never lay it down until that tribe is exterminated, or driven beyond the Mississippi.” As president, Jefferson made an agreement with Georgia to relinquish their claim of land in the west in return that the United States army would force the Cherokee from Georgia. However, the agreement was demolished because the United States had formed a treaty with the Cherokee granting them the right to their lands. As for Monroe, he commission Andrew Jackson to destroy the Seminole native tribe of Florida.

In the post-Civil War South, the economic situation that followed the emancipation of slaves and therefore the loss of the labor force, forced the South to find a suitable replacement for slavery. This also meant enacting laws designed to keep former slaves tied to the land. The economic system, which replaced slavery, was sharecropping. To keep the former slaves tied to the land, however, laws such as the black codes ensured a steady stream of workers to harvest the crops. Furthermore, vagrancy laws, which were designed to punish vagrants by making them harvest crop for a plantation owner, were passed.

He believed that the new settlers would want towns, cities, lush farm lands, civilization and liberty. This led to the Indian Removal Act and what the Cherokee call Trail of Tears. Over several years, Jackson seized millions of acres of Indian Lands making room for cotton plantations. The Removal Act signed in 1830, by President Jackson, was to guarantee the Indians would have land in the west but these promises were later broken. The Removal Act was