Abamectin Research Paper

2.1 Shelf Life and Storage conditions
The shelf-life of the pour-on veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale is 2 years, and must be stored below 25oC protected from light. The product is packaged for sale in 1 L and 2.5 L backpack flat bottomed HDPE containers with a cap (fig.2.1).[5]
For stability studies, the product is stored at 25oC/60 RH and tested at the following time points: 0,3,9,12,18 and 24 months.

Figure 2.1: High Density Polyethylene Containers (HDPE) are suitable for packaging of veterinary pharmaceutical products; provides excellent chemical resistance . http://www.pretiumpkg.com/capabilities/in-line-fluorinated-hdpe-containers/ 2.2 History of Abamectin Development:
Abamectin was discovered in 1973

Campbell also identifies the antiparasitic properties of the components and their efficiency on farm animals.[7] Omura was using molecular biology, microbiology and chemistry techniques to characterise the organism. He changes the organisms name by Streptomyces avermectinius and based on genetic studies he established the sequence of genome.[7]
The first papers about avermectin discovery was published in 1979 and the molecules were characterized as being a derivative of macrocyclic lactone with none antibacterial properties but with very strong anthelminitic properties.[6]

William C. Cambel together with his research team, discovered a derivative of Avermectin by chemically modifying Avermectin into a new product called Ivermectin which was determined to be more effective against parasitic infestations and by 1981 both Avermectin and Ivermectin become the most seler veterinary product.[7]
Ivermectin mode of action consist of inhibition of glutamate gated chloride ion channels and GABA activated chloride channels in microfilaria nerve cells and invertebrate muscle which allow to increase the permeability of cell membrane through the chloride ion. This leads to hyperpolarisation of the cell which cause paralysis of muscle and death of