Salt Stress Research Paper

In nature, plants are exposed to various types of abiotic stresses. Drought and salinity are the two utmost abiotic stresses that cause reduction in crop growth and yield. Both drought and salt stresses limit the ability of the plant to absorb water from the soil. Salinity causes major reduction in the yield and crop quality and limits the use of agricultural land worldwide. It has been reported that more than 80 million hectares of irrigated land have already been harmed by salt (Xiong and Zhu 2001). The area which is affected by salt stress is still expanding.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world’s most important food crop and a primary source of food for more than half of the human population. In Asia more than 90% of the world rice are

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been uninvited accompaniment of aerobic life, produced continuously as byproducts of various metabolic pathways that are localized in different cellular compartments such as chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisomes (Navrot et at 2007). Various abiotic stresses lead to the overproduction of ROS that are highly reactive and toxic affect many cellular functions by damaging proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA, RNA (Dat et al, 2000; Ahmed et al. 2010; Siddiqui and Khan 2011; Sidddiqui 2013) and causing lipid peroxidation (Foyer and Noctor 2005) ultimately results in cell death.
ROS influence the many processes such as growth, cell cycle and programmed cell death by influencing the expression of a number of genes (Gill and Tuteja, 2010) and initiate new gene expression (Sarvajeet and Narendra 2010)
In protein, the main target of ROS is methionine residue that changes the methionine configuration through the oxidation-reduction reaction. It is often suggested that ROS production should be minimized at all

In most living organisms MSRs protect cellular response to oxidative stress and reduce the oxidized methionine (MetO) ino its original (Met) state (Moskovitz 2005; Kwon et al. 2007). Sanadanandom et al. (2000) reported that MsrA and MsrB genes encoded for MSR were isolated from Brassica napus in 1966. Sang-Keun et al. (2010) first reported the role of MsrB2 gene in abiotic stress as defense regulator in pepper plant. Understanding plant responses to the external environment is of greater importance and a fundamental part for making the crops stress tolerant. It has been suggested that CaMsrB2 enhanced drought tolerance in rice plant (Siddiqui et al. 2014). The response of CaMsrB2 in saline environment has not been reported so far. Therefore this experiment was conducted to investigate the role of CaMsrB2 under salinity