Case Report
Title: Post-keratoplasty Keratitis Caused by Abiotrophia defectiva: an Unusual Cause of Graft Infection
Running Title: Keratitis due to Abiotrophia defectiva
Total Number of Pages: 8, Total number of figures:3, Word Count – Abstract: 47, Text: 863
Abiotrophia defectiva is a nutritional variant of Streptococci. We describe a case of microbial keratitis due to Abiotrophia defectiva in a patient who had undergone penetrating keratoplasty and was on corticosteroid therapy for recent graft rejection. Isolation of this organism confirmed this to be an opportunistic infection.
Key Words: Keratitis, Abiotrophia defectiva, Vitek 2 compact system
Purpose
To report Abiotrophia defectiva isolated using VITEK-2 compact system
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In most of the cases the infection responded to Vancomycin and the final visual outcome was reasonably good. With improvement in microbiological techniques including the application of the VITEK 2 Compact system, rarer organisms, which hitherto may have been missed earlier, can now be identified. Vitek-2 compact system used for identifying the organisms is an automated platform and the identification is rapid and accurate. This system detects growth of the bacteria based on the metabolic changes and identifies based on fluorescence technology. It accurately identifies the organisms up to the species level and has good level of identification and discrimination up to species level …show more content…
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Section 1: Identification of the unknown pathogen Patient is Terrance V. Haller, a 13-year-old male who enjoys outdoor activities such as skateboarding. No previous medical history and there are no known allergies. Terrance had a skateboarding accident where there were multiple lacerations and contusions. The wound on his forearm extending to his elbow was slow healing and therefore became pus producing. The patient has since returned to his primary care physician to find out what is going on.
Identification of bacteria within Unknown Culture #21 In this experiment, an unknown culture of two different types of bacteria was assigned to each person, a number of tests were performed to isolate and identify these bacterial cells. Based on knowledge from the previous experiments completed in lab, a basic understanding of each type of bacteria was used to create a flow chart that would aid the process of identifying the unknown bacteria within the culture. A gram stain that is performed initially will narrow down the types of tests certain bacteria will and will not respond to. In addition to the gram stain, some of the tests that were used include, a catalase test, an Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar test, a bile esculin test, and a 6.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) test.
The purpose of this lab report is to employ a myriad of skills, tools and, methods learned throughout this semester to perform the appropriate tests for the identification of the assigned unknown bacteria. Add more background information here!!! The most important tools and techniques used during this identification include aseptic technique, microscopic examination and, the use of selective and differential media. Aseptic technique is an important tool for microbiologists. It is imperative that aseptic technique is maintained throughout the length of any test to avoid any cross-contamination that may lead to inaccurate results.
In the SIM Agar, the unknown microorganism was motile and produced Indole. Identification: Staphylococcus epidermis Justification: Staphylococcus epidermis is glucose fermenter. The unknown organism fermented glucose in the Phenol Red Glucose broth.
The Unknown Identification Lab was an experiment that provided the opportunity to apply all the tests that were learned in the semester of lab, to identify the two bacterias that remain unknown. Gram- staining and two other tests will be used to identify the unknowns. This experiment is crucial to the understanding of each test, and can benefit in the ability to identify the characteristics of specific bacteria. Having a clearer understanding of the bacteria can further the research of bacteria for medicine, such as antibiotics. The understanding can also help the development of research in the environment.
Materials and Methods To start with, the unknown bacteria # 710 broth had to be successfully isolated on an EMB and MAC agar plate. Using aseptic technique by sterilizing the wire loop with Bunsen Burner between inoculations and flaming the opening of the test tubes before inserting in the loop with the bacteria. The streaking technique used was to isolate the colonies on the agar plates. In addition, the streak plates had to be incubated in a upturned position for 24 hours in a hot temperature incubator at 37 degree Celsius. Bacteria need a favorable condition to grow in.
The people that are most susceptible to get Staphylococcus epidermidis are newborns, the elderly, immunocompromised patients, and patient’s who are using a catheter. This is because newborns and the elderly do not have as strong of immune systems as children and middle-age adults
In the laboratory, identification of an unknown bacterium is often necessary. In the lab, a random sample consisting of three different bacteria was selected. The sample contained one gram-positive, one gram-negative paracolon, and one gram-negative coliform. The purpose of the experiment is to identify each of the three species that the mixture contained. After receiving an unknown mixture, the sample was streaked for isolation onto TSA, blood agar, and MacConkey plates.
For the unknown phase two project, I was assigned unknown number one. After many tests, I came to the conclusion that my unknown was Acinetobacter baumannii. It had cultural characteristics of yellow or clear colony pigmentation, smooth and translucent surface, circular form, smooth margin, and flat elevation. The unknown’s broth properties included a ring, turbidity, and sediment.
By Gram staining alone, it was safe to eliminate the three Gram positive bacteria that could have been assigned: S. epidermidis, M. luteus, and B. megaterium. The second step was to streak plate Unknown #10 to observe its macroscopic
The TSA unknown organism B appearance was circular and yellow in color and slightly convex on the TSA plate. Organism A appearance was circular and seemed slightly raise on the TSA plate. On the first attempt I was not able to locate either organism at 100X lens so I had to preform a second steak plate and incubation time period. I was again able to isolate two separate colonies. Streak isolation on a nutrient plate agar was performed using ½ of organism from the original TSA plate where the colonies were isolated.
Synthesis, molecular modeling and bio-evaluation of cycloalkyl fused 2-aminopyrimidines as antitubercular & antidiabetic agents 1. Introduction: o The target name and type: The target in this paper is the mycobacterial di-hydro folate reductase, alpha-glocosidase and glycogen phosphorylase The type of the targets is enzymes. o Diseases that associated with the target:
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A nosocomial, or hospital acquired, infection is a new infection that develops in a patient during hospitalization. They are among the major causes of death and increased morbidity among hospitalized patient. Nosocomial infections occurs worldwide and affect both developed and resource-poor countries.
The sterile cotton swab was inserted in the S. epidermidis culture and twirled around to obtain a specimen. The entire plate was inoculate with the swab from top to bottom, to achieve a lawn of growth. The dry forceps was used to remove the antibiotic disk into the appropriate spot on the plate. This process was repeated for the all antibiotics with aseptic technique being used. The plate was incubate with lid up on the bookshelf at room temperature for 48 hours.
After experiment on microscope under oil immersion, I learned that my Unknown is gram positive. Under the lens, the bacteria appears in purple color. Its morphology is cocci arranged in cluster. However, during decolorizing process, I put too much alcohol to the crystal violet-iodine complex making the color overly removed. That led to the result of my gram positive has slightly redish