Absolutism And The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment’s conception of knowledge was the power to free the minds from the customs enforced by Kings and Church. As John Locke stressed in his Second treatise of government “ Men being, as been said, by nature, all free, equal and independent, no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent”. In this statement, Locke empathized the battle of the thinkers: helping human to realize their worth, to free themselves from all constraints. For the philosophes, the monarchy was to respect people’s fundamental rights. It would be wrong to assume that all thinkers were against Monarchy. In fact, Jean-jacques Rousseau did not believe in democracy, but in a « lighting absolutism» …show more content…
The first mean of transmission was traditional, with books, pamphlets or essays. The Encyclopédie or Encyclopedia of Arts and Science was written by Denis Diderot and Jean d’Alembert. This gathering of knowledge was aimed at gathering as much information as it could, in order to educate the next generation, to raise awareness to the world. The second mean of transmission was through salons. As defined by Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, Salons became important institutions for the enlightenment in the development of ideas where wealthy noble, members of the clergy, but also philosophes, artists and scientists gathered to debate ideas, and could hence belong to « the Republic of Letters » . The word of mouth was the safest way for beliefs to be spread around. As stated by Mary E. Wiesner-Hanks, many European states journals and books that were too critical towards the King or the Church were either banned or censored. However, in order to attract people, writers or journalist of the time used any means ( journals, newpapers…) and managed to have them printed in Amsterdam or Switzerland, and then bring them in France for readers. Because despite the salons, reading was at the time, as argued by Dorinda Outram “ Books and pamphlets could be easily sold in large numbers, were relatively portable, and could cross language, cultural and geographical boundaries more easily”. The perfect means for transmission of ideas,
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1239 Words | 5 PagesThe American Revolution was radical for its time, characterized by its challenge to traditional beliefs about government and individual rights, the establishment of a new nation based on democratic principles, and its lasting impact as a source of inspiration for subsequent revolutionary movements. Despite its limitations in addressing systems of racial oppression and social inequality within society, the values and ideals of the revolution would go on to inspire future civil rights movements and solidify its place as a turning point in world history. The revolution solidified the principles of liberty and equality as fundamental to a just society and served as a catalyst for movements such as abolitionism and feminism, and redefined what a
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633 Words | 3 PagesEnlightenment was a time period that revolved around philosophy, science, and society, and is less focused on religion. Enlightenment includes a concept proposed by the philosopher John Locke that all humans, when they are born, are entitled to basic human rights. The Enlightenment also includes the thought that things in the universe are constant, leading away from such a strong reliance on God. The concept of Enlightenment inspired many proceeding declarations, including the USA’s declaration because it encouraged equality to all men. John Locke was an Enlightenment thinker who proposed that as humans, we are entitled to basic rights and that when we are born we are blank canvases and are thereafter altered by our surroundings.
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910 Words | 4 PagesThe Enlightenment went against the political views, and morals of the Age of Absolutism. The Enlightenment challenged the views of the Age of Absolutism because it questioned the traditional authority established during this period by taking away the idea of single power, that had benefited the monarchs and the wealthy, and introducing the new idea of ruling for the good of the people instead. During the Age of Absolutism, rulers believed in the idea of single power, but during the Enlightenment, people started to challenge this idea and introduced a new form of government free of tyranny. Document 1, a primary source written by Machiavelli in the 15th century, states, “Men have less hesitation in offending a man who is loved than one who is feared . . .
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135 Words | 1 PagesThe Enlightenment was a period of time that stressed the importance of reason and individual ideas. Many philosophers published works criticizing a country’s monarch or divulging the flaws they saw in a system within the government, such as the justice system. The Enlightenment also stressed the importance of education, and as a result of this, literacy rates experienced a major upward trend. Now able to read the philosopher’s works, a larger sum of people now were educated on the corruptions within their government. This caused a questioning of traditional practices, and people began to believe they could revise their government.
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1016 Words | 5 PagesDuring the 18th Century, the Enlightenment was introduced in Europe. This new movement brought about modernization of thinking about government and individualism, and reevaluated previous beliefs. The Enlightenment had many new Philosophers who helped spread their views on government. Philosophers were similar in ideas about the rights of citizens and people’s choice of which government they want, however they differed on the reason government existed and governmental power. Overall, the ideas were a substantial departure from previous ideas about human equality, absolute rulers, and the court system.
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