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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Behaviourism

2016 Words9 Pages

Introduction: Psychology is a scientific study of behaviour and the developmental stages associated with the human mind, in its deliberate way of dealing with observation, prediction, and clarifying behaviour. It offers various ways of dealing with studying and clarifying behaviours. The fundamental theories consist of, behaviourist, psychodynamic, cognitive, and humanistic and biological theories. This essay will attempt to examine two of the speculations, behaviourist and psychodynamic. There are two characterisations of behaviourism; radical that illuminates operant conditioning and classical conditioning, which explains classical conditioning. I have deleted a whole section here because it is not important and does not add to your essay …show more content…

The Anal stage, which begins at 18 months and ends at 3 years, is where children experience pleasure from excreting faeces. The Phallic stage, which exists between the ages of 3 to 5 years, is where pleasure is derived from their sexual parts, and the Oedipus and Electra complex, is experienced at this stage, which makes it the most significant to the study. The Latency stage is from 6 to 11 years of age where sexual urges are controlled and lethargic; and the Genital stage, which begins at 12 to 18 years of age, is the stage where pleasure is experienced through heterosexual attraction ( Freud, 1923). Freud's (1909) contextual investigation of Little Hans trepidation of horses is an example of the psychodynamic examination. Freud deciphered Hans' anxiety as a supplanted apprehension of his father that he had of being bitten by a horse to represent his fear of being mutilated (Freud, 1909). This contextual analysis demonstrates the Oedipus complex whereby Hans experiences sexual longings towards his mother and a wish to murder his …show more content…

The psychodynamic methodology highlights the significance of childhood experiences. Contending it is an essential period for developing; the personality that one receives is immensely influenced by childhood experiences. Considerations put forth by Freud have impacted treatments used to treat mental issues. Freud (1890-1930) was the first psychologist to see that mental problems could influence physical manifestation of loss of development, as shown in the Anna O case. The behaviourist approach has additionally been joined in this present reality in treating fears and educating. Pavlov's (1902) Classical conditioning has been connected with deliberate desensitisation, and this has been valuable in helping people oversee fears. The standards of the Operant and Classical conditioning have been applied in education, basic effective teaching. Positive feedback and discipline have helped shape behaviourism in the classroom. Skinner (1938) associated the benchmarks of operant conditioning to teaching. Skinner's thoughts inferred that each learner could work at their own particular pace and get positive criticism to support future

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