Advantages And Disadvantages Of Pakistan

Pakistan has a wide variety of terrain within its 307,374 square miles. From the rugged Himalayan Mountains, with peaks reaching as high as 28,251 feet, in the north and west, to the glacial covered valleys at the foot of the mountains. Then, farther south there are valleys, through which the Indus River flows, providing fertile land where the majority of the crops are grown. The Balochistan Plateau lies west of the Indus valley and makes up much of southwestern Pakistan. This area is a dry, sandy desert with little agriculture or industry. East of the Indus River, the Thar and Cholistan Deserts are two of the hottest and driest places on earth (Heiden, 2011).

The climate in Pakistan is as varied as the terrain. Pakistan is overall very hot and dry, but altitude and seasonal changes have diverse effects on the climates of the different regions. During the

Pakistan and India have been to war with each other numerous since they earned their independence from the United Kingdom and their separation into sovereign states (Indo-Pakistan Wars-1947, 1965, 1971, and 1999, worldatlas.com, 2017). The first war in 1947, called the Kashmir War, began over the Muslim-populated but Hindu ruled state of Kashmir, who under the Indian Independence Act of 1947, was allowed to accede to either India or Pakistan. Kashmir’s King, Hari Singh, wished for Kashmir to remain free. This decision caused a violent rebellion from his majority Muslim population, who demanded to join Pakistan. When the violence rose above the King’s ability to control it, he requested help from India and in return he vowed to accede Kashmir to Indian control. Pakistan refused to accept this and continued to fight for territory. This continued until a ceasefire agreement was reached in January of 1949, with each country in control of roughly 50% of