Solar Cell Synthesis

Introduction:

Renewable energy is increasingly viewed as critically important globally. Solar cells, or photovoltaic, convert the energy of the sun into electricity [1, 2]. Before introducing new solar products which use nanotechnology, it is necessary to explain the basic process that a normal solar cell uses. Conventional solar cells are called photovoltaic cells. These cells are made out of semiconducting material, usually silicon. When light hits the cells, they absorb energy though photons. This absorbed energy knocks out electrons in the silicon, allowing them to flow. By adding different impurities to the silicon such as phosphorus or boron, an electric field can be established. This electric field acts as a diode, because it only allows electrons to flow in one direction [1]. Consequently, the end result is a current of electrons, better known to us as electricity. In theory all parts

A DSC (Dye-sensitizers solar cells) having several features, the most important having a titanium dioxide/metal oxide-based photo anode, a dye, an electrolyte and a two electrodes. The photo excited electrons of the dye pass through the TiO2 chain in the photo anode and going towards the opposite electrode which commonly consists of platinum (Pt.) sputtered onto a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode. The Pt. from the two opposite electrodes demands in the regeneration of dyes by catalyzing the I−reforming from the I3− species in the redox couple. The Pt., roughness, Mother Nature of the outside (reveal) fact etc. play an important role in finding the overall output of a DSC device. Having Pt. being a high cost novel metal, prominent efforts have been done to form low cast substitute. The overall preview below this gives a sufficient theme of the materials having use as two opposite electrodes in DSCs, adding a result and coming prospects