CHAPTER II-B SMUGGLING SMUGGLING, as defined under Section 3519 of the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines, "is an act of any person who shall fraudulently import or bring into the Philippines, or assist in so doing, any article, contrary to law or shall receive, conceal, buy, sell or in any manner facilitate the transportation, concealment, or sale of such article after importation, knowing the same to have been imported contrary to law. It includes the exportation of articles in a manner contrary to law. Articles subject to this paragraph shall be known as smuggled articles". KINDS OF SMUGGLING Briefly, there are two kinds of smuggling: 1. Outright smuggling means that there are no documents involved: no import entries, etc. Outright …show more content…
Based on various newspaper accounts, technical smuggling is the main procedure by which imported goods or cargoes are brought into the country while outright smuggling is just a relatively minor in magnitude compared with technical smuggling. And according to the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, the estimated loss of revenues from technical smuggling ranges from PHP 89 billion to PHP 200 billion a year, which is enough amount to wipe out a big chunk of the nation’s budget deficit to finance the building of thousands of schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and low-cost housings for the poor families and other necessary infrastructures for the attainment of economic and national …show more content…
And most of these transactions could have not been made possible without the direct involvement and participation of the importer, broker and even some customs officials and personnel. Thus, technical smuggling is a form of corruption since it is a dysfunctional act that negates the accomplishment of bureaucrat’s constitutional mandate of promoting public interest through the misuse of public office for personal
Some people were promoting smuggling such as document 8. While, some people were against smuggling like document three. However, document eight shows that some people began to join in the smuggling activities to gain some wealth. Furthermore, some people prioritized monetary gain over public image. In addition, people cared about money and wealth.
However, these tariffs and taxes were not accepted without challenge, as many merchants believed that the restrictions were without warrant. With revenue to acquire, and regulations to maneuver around, the smuggling industry evolved from a black market business, to profitable occupation that would take the nation by storm. Analysis of documents from this century reveal through the illegal trade of brandy, wool, and other goods, acts of Parliament were opposed head on by members of the working class looking to to capitalize on the economic growth. In order to understand the smuggler, it is imperative to understand the demand for those willing risk their livelihoods in order to secretly move goods in and out of the country.
Some desperate Americans traded illegally, like the man in the
Police officers were bribed with sums of money much larger than their salaries to look the other way. During the 1920s, police inspectors made a few thousand dollars per year, but in Philadelphia, for example, two inspectors made $192,000 and $102,000 from payoffs. Police were offered irresistible sums of money to allow the illegal alcohol trade to happen, and because of this, the police were part of the corruption. Alcohol was often smuggled by boat from other countries, creating a challenge for those enforcing U.S. borders. The Coast Guard had 11,000 agents, but it was never able to intercept over 5% of alcohol smugglers because their boats were outclassed by the smugglers, who could afford more expensive boats.
When smuggling started, not a lot of people knew about it. Smuggling became riskier and more expensive when the U.S began halting and searching ships. Among the ships were millions of bottles of whiskey that were sold across pharmacy counters. Americans used modified alcohol, which had been mixed with noxious chemicals to change it and made it unhealthy for drinking. Millions and millions of alcohol products were illegally diverted.
Bootleggers would have to watch out for other smugglers, as they would rob each other. Having your own bootlegging business was the fastest, easiest and most profitable way to make money back then. The river between Detroit and Canada was used a lot to get across the border. Alcohol was no longer made in the united states, other than alcohol used for medication. Illegal alcohol made in America was either made in a bathtub, makeshift brewery, or a nice secret brewery.
Haskin, for months moonshiners had a ‘still,’ (where they manufactured alchol) next to the police station. This means that local policemen either werent paying attention,or they were in support with the moonshiners. Fredrick also explains the three mile limit. The three mile limit made it legal to ship boozee as long as they(smugglers) stayed within a three mile radius ocean boundry. As long as smugglers followed, authorities wouldnt secure past three miles,because they didnt care.
The 2014 National Drug Threat Assessment (NDTA) Summary discourses evolving expansions associated with the trafficking and use of main illicit drugs abuse. The U.S. seizures of illegal substances in shipment exceeded 1,626 metric tons, demonstrating that DTOs have great succeed in shipping thousand tons of cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, heroin, and MDMA into the United States each year. (DEA 2014) There are exceptional smuggling and shipping methods related with each drug type, but drug seizure statistics and federal, state, and local law enforcement reporting shows that smuggling overland and transportation by vehicle surpass all other methods of smuggling combined. The 2014 National Drug Control Strategy, in which has had very little
1) What actions prompted the border control offensive and made the issue of illegal immigration a priority? The action that prompted the border offensive was the use of the border as a political stage. Governor Pete Wilson of California used footage given to him from Border Patrol agent of illegal immigrants crossing the border. The Governor campaigned stating that the federal government wasn’t controlling the border but expected the states to provide for the illegals. He used television as his tool to get the message out to everyone.
Corruption occurs in a government when politicians are bought out by private companies. These companies would pay the politicians large sums of money and in return, the politicians would do political favors for the companies. According
Frederic J. Haskin wrote, “At all times, a rum fleet standing off or anchored outside the 3-mile limit near New York and New Jersey. This fleet consists of vessels of all kinds and sizes that bring their… cargoes from the Bermudas or the West Indies, or even from across the Atlantic.” (Haskin). He continued, As long as they remain outside the 3-mile limit this Government cannot interfere with them and they are able to make their deliveries to bootleggers that slip out to them under cover of darkness in motor speedboats.” (Haskin document C).
According to Document C “Smuggling from Mexico and Canada has been successful on a large scale because it is an utter impossible to patrol the thousands of miles of border…”. It was too large to be able to patrol the borders. The state agents also couldn’t do anything about the smuggling as long as the smugglers stay away the 3-mile range limit from the country. According to Document D “The very men who made the Prohibition law are violating it... ”The author is arguing that the ones who make these Prohibition laws are the ones breaking them.
According to Beckett, Programs such as Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE) have the mission and authority to locate and deport unauthorized workers, immigration suspect that violated the law and people who are a threat to public safety. If ICE has the authority to arrest any suspect who is violating the law, than immigration raid should be morally correct, but what if ICE is violating the law too, is it still correct to continue immigration raids? ICE is taking advantage of their authority by extending jail stays. A recent study shows that people with ICE detainer request staid longer in jail (46.3 days more) than those without detainers. According to the constitution of the United States of America, the fourth teen amendment talks about
Britannica.com Says, “The national American crime syndicate, the Mafia, arose out of the coordinated activities of Italian bootleggers and other gangsters in New York City in the late 1920s and early ’30s.” Smuggling became very prominent because people wanted to continue to make money off of the illegal sale of alcohol. What they failed to realize is that one day they will get caught, and it may not be now, but eventually. Archives.gov says, “The illegal production and distribution of liquor, or bootlegging, became rampant, and the national government did not have the means or desire to try to enforce every border, lake, river, and speakeasy in America. In fact, by 1925 in New York City alone there were anywhere from 30,000 to 100,000 speakeasy clubs.
There are many different approaches to development in which countries over the years adopted to further develop and grow their economy. Some countries adopted the approach of import substitution in which they try to decrease their dependency on other nations and protect and foster domestic small companies. The disadvantage for an import substitution based industry, ISI, is although it achieves growth it does so through a greater period of time. On the other hand, growth and development from export oriented industries, EOI, has greater results and is so much faster than import substituting industries. Examples of countries that adopted import based industries are countries of Latin America while countries that adopted Export oriented Industries are countries of East Asia.