The Pros And Cons Of Biotechnology
In this era of modernisation, science and technology has been growing at very fast speed, new technology are developed every day to make thing easier and simpler for the humans. Biotechnology is one of the growing industry all over the world, generally indulge in manufacture of food, pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, protection of environment etc. it is synergistic of biology and technology. Biotechnology is not new but exists since ancient times and its progress has been witnessed through many centuries. The term “biotechnology” is defined broadly to include not only the old biotechnology such as the traditional method of manufacturing fermented products but also the new biotechnology represented by genetic engineering and recombinant technology. …show more content…
According to the organisation for economic corporation and development biotechnology includes any technique that uses living organism or part of organism to make or modify product to improve plants or animal or to develop microorganism for specific use. Broadly biotechnology can be classified into two: industrial biotechnology and agricultural biotechnology. Industrial biotechnology refers to chemical and pharmaceutical substance derived from or process pertains to the plant and animal kingdom. Agricultural biotechnology involves use of genetic engineering to develop new plants and animal. Biotechnology invention raise peculiar challenges as it imports issue relating to ethics, morality an access to technology into patent law. Some of the issues like exclusion of plants and animal from patenting and the permissibility of patenting gene sequence have impact on the patentability of this invention.
The biotechnology invention can be classified into three categories: (a) invention relating to an organism or martial such as living entities of natural or artificial origin (animal. Plant microorganism ) biological material( plasmids, viruses and replicas and part of organs, tissues, cells and organelles) and naturally occurring substance from living entites, biological material or part thereof, (b) invention relating to process for the creation of
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Patentable subject-Matter
The foremost condition before granting patent to any invention is that it should not fall in exclusion category for which patent is not granted. In other words it should fall within the ambit of patentable subject-matter. In invention invention are patentable not the discovery unlike U.S. law. Under section 3 of Patent Act, 1972, provide for the list of subject-matter which are not patentable. Any subject-matter which does not fall within this list can be claimed for patenting. The Indian patewnt act states following are not invention and does not constitute patentable subject matter-:
1. Invention against natural laws
2. Invention contrary to public order or morality.
3. Discovery of a living thing occurring in the nature.
4. Method for treatment of animal or human being
5. Plants and animal in whole or nay part thereof other than microorganism but including seeds, varities and species and essentially biological processes for production or propagation of plants and animals.
2.
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