The events of 9/11 propelled terrorism into the forefront of American policing. While threats were always present, the materialization of attack sparked a newfound change in strategic thinking about how to integrate counterterrorism efforts into local policing. Larger police agencies may have greater resource capabilities to regularly engage in counterterrorism activities, however, smaller organizations can build relationships and leverage already-held local expertise and position to promote an equally-valuable counterterrorism posture. Due to risk-based probabilities of occurrence, weighed against budget and resource constraints, police executives must assess and balance the need for, and cost of, counterterrorism activities with typical police work. Newman and Clarke (2008) offer a number of strategies that smaller organizations may consider when implementing such counterterrorism planning techniques. Police executives must recognize the power and risk of fear, being vigilant to understand that unquantifiable perception can lead to false positives, bias, distrust, and wasted effort. Consequently, fear can lead to heightened public attention to police …show more content…
Training, situational awareness, and the possession and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) are often causal factors in responder injury degree of severity (RAND, 2002). Responders can lessen their potential impacts, and theoretically improve their potential for positive (safe) outcome, when response activities allow for reduced time of exposure, increased distance from exposure agents, and the ability to shield against exposure agents (via appropriate PPE) (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1999). In all these examples outcomes manifest in the form of damaged or destroyed structures, contaminated air, soil, or water, and unstable or uninhabitable lands, let alone human and animal injury, illness, and
“...Much of the recent crime increase threatens the vitality of America’s cities–and thousands of lives–it is not, in itself, the greatest danger in today’s war on cops. The greatest danger lies, rather, in the delegitimation of law and order itself’ (Mac Donald). In the book “The War on Cops: How the New Attack on Law and Order Makes Everyone Less Safe,” published in the year of 2016, author Heather Mac Donald provides credible evidence to expand on her viewpoint of our country’s current criminal crisis. In addition to “The War on Cops, Mac Donald has written two other books. Her works “Are Cops Racist?”
9/11, Criminal Justice Agencies and Homeland Security Thirteen years, two months and eight days have passed since September 11. Still, the remnants of a terrorist attack on the Twin Towers lingers among the public’s mind. Security has been beefed up with extreme standards, stressing the safety of the American public from eminent attacks. This has also created a boost in awareness to suspicious activities and personnel. To some, the ignorance is stronger than most because of the belief that the actions committed on 9/11 were meaningless, that it didn’t change a thing in American society.
All across America, an epidemic of law enforcement perverting their power over the people has broken out. Statistics show that, every eight hours, someone’s life is taken away by the very people who are supposed to protect it. An African-American man is about twice as likely to be executed by an officer as a Caucasian man, whether they pose a threat or not. Jess Colarossi from ThinkProgress.org reported that, “several Delaware police officers wound up fatally shooting the wheelchair-bound man.”
Although the September 11th attacks did cause chaos and division directly after they occurred, the attacks led to a more militarily and culturally unified United States today. After the attacks, the nation was scared and confused as to how they occurred; the terrorists could have been anywhere and there was no set plan or idea of how to figure out who they were. Today, the culprits, Al Qaeda and ISIS, are well-known and our military is quickly figuring out how to deal with these terrorist organizations. Culturally, immigration and tourism to America was affected, as well as air travel, government, and even how American citizens saw their government and the world. Prior to 9/11, U.S involvement in the Middle East and national security as
On September 11,2001 it was just an average day for many going to work or flying home to see family. Until… word got out that a plane crashed into the twin towers of the world trade center. It was caused by members of a terror group called Al- Qaeda. The attacks were not accidental they were intentional. Both towers collapsed killing 3,000 people.
Term Paper: Chapter 7-10 Sandra Wallace Policing in America Montana State University Northern Abstract Start–here The Philadelphia Foot Patrol Experiment represented a unique approach to crime prevention through patrol. Discuss how this approach is different from traditional patrol. “During the summer of 2009, Philadelphia police departments, police and academic researchers worked together to plan the Philadelphia Foot Patrol Experiment as a randomized controlled trial (Katz, C., & Walker, S.).”
After years of ungrounded criticism from the press and activists, after highly publicized litigation and the passage of ill-considered laws—such as the one making officers financially liable for alleged “racial profiling”—NYPD officers have radically scaled back their discretionary activity. Pedestrian stops have dropped 80 percent citywide and almost 100 percent in some areas. The department is grappling with how to induce officers to use their lawful authority again to stop crime before it happens. Garner’s death was a heartbreaking tragedy, but the unjustified backlash against misdemeanor enforcement is likely to result in more tragedy for New Yorkers” (36, Heather Mac Donald).” Here, Mac Donald makes me feel threatened by the criminal justice system.
Clearly, had the CIA and FBI shared information with each other, connected the dots on known terrorist members, and subsequently gave that information to local law enforcement the attacks of September 11, 2001 may have been preventable. I am most certain that the families of the 2,752 people that died on that day would love nothing more than to see increase communication between federal agencies and local law enforcement. Fortunately, the results and recommendations of the 9/11 commission report may tremendous improvements in the communication for these law enforcement professionals (The 9/11 Commission Report, 2002). Some of those improvements included adding additional analysts to sort through the enormous amounts of intelligence, and reducing communication barriers between local and federal law enforcement agencies (The 9/11 Commission Report, 2002). Another area of opportunity included revamping the technology of communication via police radios.
Although everyone loved police officers on September 12, 2001 (McLaughlin), times have changed and the entire criminal justice system as a whole has adjusted. Public policy making and strategies are just the tip of the iceberg for these changes (Dowler). Of 600 polled law enforcement agencies by the International Association of Chiefs of Police's Center for Social Media findings, 92% percent use some form of social media (90% use Facebook, 50% use Twitter, and 37% use YouTube). Ironically, although media caused the negative bias and false expectations, social media is viewed as effective by 2/3 of the departments in the poll in improving community relations, not to mention assisting in investigations (qtd. in Siner). The implementation of dash cameras as well as body cameras by more and more departments can help in solving crimes as well as put the community more at ease because everything is being recorded
In the aftermath of the September 11th terrorist attacks, The Department of Homeland Security was created to deal with terrorism threats to national security. The Anti-Terrorism plan brought forth by the department of Homeland security is split into 9 main components. A brief overview of each components is discussed. Finally the plan is looked at as a whole, evaluating how well each component leads to a unified anti-terrorism plan. Assignment 3 September 11, 2001, the worst terrorist attack on US soil to date, killing thousands of people, rocketed the nation.
The President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration. These two programs were the start of a study group for making changes and advancement in policing and court administration. Community Policing, Compstats, The Emergence of Strategy Research and numerous other major police strategy developing initiatives that are used today in police agencies across America. I
The attacks of September 11, 2001 on our country was one of the most tragic and deadly days in our history. It brought a country together and the American strength of freedom and unity became a battle cry. After the dust had cleared, the questions came about that asked, how could this have happened? Were there not security and intelligence infrastructures and policies in place?
Before the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, our country had gone through the policing eras of “the political, reform, and community with the four different policing models of traditional, community policing, problem-oriented and zero-tolerance” (Oliver, 2006, p. 49). The attack caused major changes in policing for several reasons. The main reason was a fear by the citizens of another major attack. In 2004 several polls were conducted to measure the fear factor of general
Fortunately, law enforcement agencies can do something to change the public's perception of them while fighting crime through community partnerships.” (Holley,Fazalare
The morning of Tuesday September 11, 2011 is one of the biggest tradgies of all time. On this specific day four airlines were hijacked by an Islamic group that goes by the name al-Qaeda. The attacks took the lives of 2,996 innocent people, injured nearly 6,000 people, and caused at least $10 billion in infracture and property damage. These attacks, also known as the 9/11 attacks, will forever be remebered as one of the most horrific days for so many people around this world.