Advantages Of Magnetic Refrigeration

Cooling spaces below ambient in warm climates is essential for occupant’s comfort. In the last two decades, international environment protection organizations have led an act for the intensification of research efforts on development and safe of ozone and reduce global warming. Various methods and investigations used to design new cooling technologies. Among these surveys, the Magnetic Refrigeration has received a particular interest in last few years. This technique is candidate to be an alternative and as a realistic choice instead of present vapor compression refrigeration systems. In this work, magnetic cooling process, were tested by designing and fabricating a novel prototype magnetic refrigeration prototype consisting of Gadolinium

as

The recent Magnetic

Refrigerator outputs were validated by comparing it with other similar researches, and it produced good agreements.

Keywords: Magnetic refrigerator, Gadolinium, temperature span, cylinder permanent magnet, Halbach, Gaussmeter,

Magneto-caloric Effect, Magneto-caloric Materials.

1. INTRODUCTION

Reliable refrigeration technology is one of the essential features of modern society. Deprived of this technology, food supply would be seasonal and limited to locally produced non-perishable items. Also, comfortable living conditions would be impossible everywhere [1]. The buildings cooling technologies account 40% from the global energy consumption and have a high significance in reducing thermal discomfort in regions with a hot climate and high humidity [2]. Refrigeration industry today is almost dependent on vapor compression refrigeration cycle [3]. Vapor compression refrigeration reached a technological level, where any improvements to this technology are unlikely. In addition, the industry main challenges today are to face its impact on global warming effect problem

The magnetic cooling technology based on the use of the Magneto-caloric Effect applied to various metallic materials and new alloys named Magneto-caloric Materials used as the refrigerant [7]. The Magneto-caloric Effect (commonly abbreviated as MCE) is one of the most fundamental physical properties of the Magnetic Materials. The magnetic cooling technology (MCE) represented the comportment of a magnetic matter when it exposed to a changing magnetic field. Thus, its temperature may increase or decrease, with both the sign and the extent of the temperature difference between the final and the initial states of the material, dependent on numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The chemical composition, the crystal structure, and the magnetic compound states are among the most significant substantial parameters that determine its MCE [8].

The materials exhibit large, reversible temperature changes in response to changing magnetic fields usually referred to as Magneto-caloric Materials [9]. Two types of the magnetic phase changes can occur [10]:

 First Order Magnetic Transition