Experiment C: Molecular weight and rate of diffusion This experiment was aimed to understand the relation between the molecular weight of a compound and its diffusing ability. The rate of diffusion can be determined using the molecular weight of the compound (Meyertholen 2015). So, the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the molecular weight of the particle. That is, a smaller weight particle will diffuse faster than a larger one. Hence, the hypothesis of this experiment was potassium permanganate would diffuse more than the methylene blue because of its less molecular weight.
INTRODUCTION Micro channels are widely used in various engineering applications to enhance the convective heat transfer. In 1981 Tuckerman and Pease [1] introduce the concept of microchannel heat sink. They compared microchannel heat sink with conventional heat exchanger microchannels. They concluded that microchannel heat sink have a low to moderate pressure drop, less amount of coolant due to smaller geometric size of channels and lower operational cost with higher heat transfer performance. Hassan et al.
Membrane separation technologies are among the most promising processes in water purification regarding their low energy consumptions. Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process in which liquid feed is evaporated at the feed/membrane interface and is transported through a hydrophobic microporous membrane[1–4]. The hydrophobic character of the membrane allows only volatile components to enter the pores. The differences of the vapour pressures across the membrane is the driving force of the process[5,6]. In comparison with other conventional technologies, membrane distillation benefits from low operational temperature and pressure and therefore low energy requirements.
However it has been found that the most efficient ones would be the daisy-shaped catalyst though the one more commonly in used would be the ring-shaped.With reference to Le Chatelier’s Principle, the increase of temperature in an exothermic reaction will decrease the equilibrium of the conversion. Therefore, it is important for the reaction to take place in low temperature. The recommended temperature range would be from 400℃ to 450℃. According to the chemical equation, 2 mole of sulphur dioxide and 1 mole of oxygen will give us 2 mole of sulphur trioxide. This makes 3 molecules on the left side of the equation whilst 2 molecules on the right side of the equation.
Then heat transfer from the vapor to the plate must occurthrough the film, which offers resistance to heat transfer. Obviously the thicker the plating, the larger its thermal resistance and thus the lower the rate of heat transfer.The analytical relation for the heat transfer coefficient in film condensationon a vertical plate described above was first developed by Nusselt in
chemical precipitation method [2], hydrotermal technique [3. 4], emulsion method [5], and sol-gel process [6], mechanochemical method [7]. Chemical precipitation process is the most reported method for preparing hydroxyapatite particles. This process is simple, low cost, and suitable for industrial production but difficult to control and resultant particles have a low quality with a large particle size, wide particle size distribution and a lot of agglomerates. The hydrothermal technique usually gives hydroxyapatite powders a high degree of crystallinity.
However, the water gap is found to be less sensitive to gap increases compared to air gap. It is recommended to use brass plate for supporting the membrane with the water gap, regardless of the gap width. On the other hand, with the air gap, the material thermal properties become less effective as the gap increases. A clear decrease in the flux is recorded with increases of the feed concentration due to the effect of concentration polarization on the feed side of the membrane. A salt rejection factor up to 99.98% is achieved with both air and water gaps.
Particles move faster when the temperature in which they are surrounded by is increased. This explains why increasing the temperature of the catalase reaction would increase the rate of reaction. Another requirement for successful collision other than overcoming the activation energy barrier is having the correct geometrical orientation. My prediction can also be supported by the fact that faster movements of hydrogen peroxide molecules and catalase molecules will increase collision frequency, which will ultimately increase the number of successful collisions. As a final result, more reaction will be catalyzed and more oxygen gas will be produced; therefore, enzyme activity and reaction rate will increase.
The capacity of this system is limited to the rate at which external cooling liquid can remove heat in a liquid to liquid heat exchanger. Condensation has a much higher heat transfer coefficient than the forced convection used in this system. Due to the above reasons, this system would be inappropriate for electronic enclosures which have high power dissipation per unit
It can be calculated according to type of material. If humidity of the raw material is very high than the quality of briquettes is less. 4.1.2 Compacting Pressure Compacting pressure is most important factor which is affect the quality of briquettes. Higher the pressure higher the strength of briquettes. Rise in temperature of material during the briquetting process reduce the needed pressure for briquetting for desired quality.