Advantages Of Public Management

Answer for question 1

Traditional management approach is kind of approach that provides the services monitored through bureaucratic oversight. This TPM approach serving the public interest to citizen and use the resources efficiently and effectively. Furthermore, in TPM approach the public manager will consider to rational decision making that weighing the cost and benefit as their primary concern. Therefore, the greatest advantage in TPM approach is applying bureaucracy in managerial process. Furthermore, the applying of bureaucracy also to ensure the rule and appropriate procedure are followed as stated. Therefore, working flows are more systematic and to ensure the work progression running smoothly, by every stage or level in managerial

This approach different to traditional public management approach. In this approach, it tend to improve fully developed government at the margin and make a profit by serving the product and services in order to fulfil the customer needs. In other word, NPM approach is a shifting the bureaucratic system to market-oriented base. Besides that, NPM also can be seen as managing input and outputs in a way to ensure economy and responsiveness to consumer. Robert Behn, define the NPM as “…the entire collection of tactics and strategies that seek to enhance the performance of the public sector…”. In addition, NPM allocate the resources effectively and the performance as their primary concerned. The greatest advantage of NPM is always seeking to improve the efficiency that in this approach open to more participation, flexibility and deregulation internally and also stressing on market mechanisms externally. Guy Peters in his point of view stated that most dominant in improving the performance is attempt to use market-based. Guy Peter added, the privatization as an example, in New Zealand the government has privatized state enterprise in oil production, air transport and etc. He argue that business act is more effectively rather than government due to the incentive and has great flexibility. Besides that, in order to improve the efficiency in NPM the managerial looks more flexible to achieve the successful in

By considering the cost and benefit analysis it will helps the public manager makes accounting of the social cost and benefit of the alternative public program. Public manager need to consider the program have a good benefit to public or not. By applying the cost and benefit analysis, generally the public program brings positive net benefit to society. The public manager need to identify the project first and consider all the cost and benefit such as how much the cost involved and what is the benefit obtain from the project. Thus, public manager responsible to determine the cost and benefit as fully as possible. Moreover, the decision rule of the cost and benefit analysis is if the project gain greater benefit, the project should go ahead, if not the project supposed to