Water Disinfection Essay
1. NECESSITY OF DISINFECTION
When water leaves the filter plant, it is still found to contain some of the impurities. These impurities can be grouped as follows:
a. Bacteria
b. Dissolved inorganic salts
c. Colour,odour and taste
d. Iron and manganese
The water should be disinfected before it enters the distribution system. The main purpose is to prevent contamination of water during its transit from the treatment plant to the place of its consumption. The material which is to be used for disinfection is called the disinfectant and it should be able to give a residual sterilizing effect for a long period. It has been universally recognized that chlorine is an ideal material for the disinfection.
2. MINOR METHODS OF DISINFECTION
Following are the minor methods of disinfection: • Boiling method
• Excess lime treatment
• Iodine and bromine treatment
• Ozone treatment
• Potassium permanganate
• Silver treatment
• UV ray treatment
2.1 BOILING METHOD
When the water is boiled above a certain temperature, bacteria are killed. The boiling of water is the most effective method of disinfection. But to boil water on a large scale is impracticable.However, in case of epidemic; the consumers may be advised to boil the water
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