African American Women's Empowerment

Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States founded primarily for the education of African Americans. Prior to the mid-1960s, HBCUs were virtually the only institutions open to African Americans due to the vast majority of predominantly white institutions prohibiting qualified African Americans from acceptance during the time of segregation. As such, they are institutional products of an era of discrimination and socially constructed racism against African Americans (Joseph, 2013). Successfully, millions of students have been educated in spite of limited resources, public contempt, accreditation violations, and legislative issues. The purpose of this research paper is to discuss

In the article The Politics of Black Women’s Studies by Akasha Hull and Barbara Smith, Hull and Smith studiously literate the politics and controversy around the fundamentals of black women’s studies in the past and modern day. Furthermore, the ideology of the article falls under the premise that racism and prejudice are still current and prominent factors that affect the development of black women’s studies in the way it is taught in universities, and the role it takes upon the lives of black women.

In the article “The Case for Historically Black Colleges and Universities: Understanding Race Relation in the United States Through its HBCUs” written by Priscelle Biehlmann, she uses data to argue that there are more advantages for both black and non-black students when attending a HBCU rather than a Predominately White Institution (PWI). First she discusses the how HBCUs emerged during the Reconstruction Period. Then she highlights the how court cases such as the 1898 Plessy v. Ferguson and 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court had an effect on HBCUs. She then transitions by providing distinct advantages Black and non-Black students undergo when attending a HBCU.

Race and racism are uncomfortable topics, but ones that must be openly and honestly discussed in order to begin the process of change. This paper will review my background, analyze readings, and openly discuss how the readings relate to me. The readings will be Peggy McIntosh’s “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack,” Beverly Daniel Tatum’s “Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?”, Christopher Edmin’s “For White Folks who Teach in the Hood,” and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva’s “Racism without Racists.” Through these readings, I will define race, racism, white privilege, then I will reflect on how I identify with them and they affect education.

“Putting aside basketball, nearly 3,000 students enrolled at the nation’s top 25 highest-ranked universities this past fall- approximately 100 times as many black will eventually earn places in basketball. A large majority of these academically talented black students will earn diplomas from these prestigious universities and go on to successfully carve careers in law, business, academia and other professions”(Journal of Blacks in Higher Ed no.6, p.37).

The debate over the dominance between a PWI and HBCU is a preeminent conversation that is a necessity to be resolved. The false accusations about the various colleges arise when an African-American PWI student believes that they have better chances to acquire a career or obtain more knowledge compared to that of an African-American HBCU attendee. Consequently, this may result in an HBCU student to respond in saying that PWIs don’t experience the same cultural diversity that HBCUs have toshould offer for their students, inducing that those scholars lose the connection with African-American culture and race. However, is this truly the case? Although this may be portrayed as a situation that is directed toward blacks, the debate should be one

Institutional racism is inevitable in the United States. Institutional racism is constantly occurring, whether it be in the work force, schools, or the criminal justice system. The color of one’s skin is a determining factor for his success in a company, and whether or not he ends up in the court systems, and for how long.

Title IX has played a significant role in the lives of women and will continue to do so if school administrators, policymakers, and community leaders have a better understanding of the law and use it accordingly to benefit those in need of it. By understanding its implications for mothers and creating programs that represents the law and its purpose, school institutions can better facilitate education for them. Mothers have often been neglected when it comes to Title IX because school administrators did not understand the law’s effects on and intentions for mothers (Fershee, 2009; McNeeley, 2008). Its focused has been primarily on sports and athletic matters; however, mothers pursuing school, especially higher education, needs as much attention

“My skin color was an asset for any move I was educated to want to make”(Mcintosh 1). A quote from Peggy McIntosh’s essay shows how the way we are treated in our societies has a direct impact on the way we perform in that society. The essay caused me to think deeply about myself and how I truly am privileged to be white; although we may not notice it there are millions of privileges linked to our skin colour. Upon finishing the reading I was questioning not only white privilege but also things like racism and what I myself could do to help people of other ethnicity’s not feel underprivileged.

The journal written by Miriam R. Small and Edwin W. Small entitled Prudence Crandall: Champion of Negro Education explores the journey of a white schoolteacher, Prudence Crandall who prompted controversy during the 1830’s while trying to equalize the education system for African-American women. Furthermore, she opened a private school located in Canterbury, Connecticut in the fall of 1831, where she permitted the admittance of a female 17 year-old African-American student named Harris. In doing so, this lead to the very first integrated classroom in the United States. Alternatively, townspeople and Harris’ classmates were exceedingly upset and attempted to procure her dismissal from school. This then lead to the removal of currently enrolled

In response to Jay Z’s 4:44, Anthony Boynton links the prominent feeling of entitlement within black men to to the condition of the black communities mindset. He elaborates on how as a whole we tend to push hyper masculinity on to our young men, and this results in a lack of emotional availability and stability as well as a lack of self care and appreciation for others.Throughout his article he highlights the various ways that hyper masculine have fractured the black community as a whole. Boynton’s response serves as a call to action from the black community to better itself by destroying its patriarchal mindset. Despite the various detriments that hypermasculinity has cultivated within our community, it has also been a sacred value. This can

In David Masci article we are introduced to the theory of how racial discrimination is alive in the workforce. The article begins with a specific example, an African American women who has worked hard to advance in her employment but is held back simply because of the color of her skin. Masci’s claims and arguments are supported thoroughly with actual statistics and examples from modern society. Through his use of pathos, logos, and ethos Masci is able to structure a feeling of action, in order to recognize differences among black employees, and the amount of extra work is needed from them to advance to a position that is still held my limitations of white supremacy in America.

Women in society were and are treated like second class citizens, and for women, it’s time to be aware of this epidemic. There are numerous reasons why I feel so passionate and drawn to this controversy. Women have suffered for centuries trying to be respected in the eyes of society and men, but the people who’s had and still do have rough time is African American women. As a young African American woman, I find myself addicted to the truth and the hidden flaws behind the women’s suffrage movement. I want to further research on the first women suffrage movement to find out why was it ever okay to exclude black women and working class women.

“We have to talk about liberating minds as well as liberating society” (“Famous Angela Davis quotes - We have to talk about ….). Angela Davis no longer accepted the philosophies or ideas she could not modify within others, but worked to change the beliefs she could no longer accept. Davis aimed for her voice to be heard, so that her perspectives would perceive and taken into account by society. Davis is best known as a profound African-American educator, extremist for civil rights, and other advocate of other social issues. She realized about racial prejudice from her experiences with discrimination growing up in Birmingham, Alabama. She emerged as an influential counterculture activist and radical in the 1960s as an authority figure of the

Summary: As the title already says this article is about rethinking positive discrimination. It is a very useful article which provides counter arguments to four main criticisms of positive discrimination, which are: 1) Failure to select the “best” candidate; 2) The undermining of meritocracy; 3) The negative impact on the beneficiaries; 4) Injustice of reverse discrimination. This article starts with the analogy of the “shackled runner” given by the US President Lyndon Johnson who introduced affirmative action legislation in 1965 aimed to redress discrimination towards