Temicha Watershed Research Paper
Ethiopia is a country whose economy primarily depends on Agriculture. About 85% of the population is engaged in agriculture. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy of the country. It accounts for 47.3% of the GDP, compared to13.5% for industry and 40.4 % for services (WWDSE 2010). The Government of Ethiopia is committed to resolving this paradox through an agriculture-led development program that includes irrigation development as one of the strategies. The development of irrigation and agricultural water management holds significant potential to enhance productivity and reduce vulnerability to climactic volatility in any country (Negash, 2004).
The agriculture sector is facing a great challenge of not achieving the food requirement
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The efforts to establish small, medium and large-scale irrigation schemes in the study area are constrained by a number of uncertainties. Firstly, stream flows of the rivers are not known. Secondly, suitable areas of the watershed have not been identified and the water requirements of crops commonly grown in the watershed is not estimated.
In Temicha watershed from time to time increasing of deforestation, expansion of residential area and increasing of agricultural land which aggravates the land cover change of the watershed. This continuous land cover change has influenced the water balance of the watershed by changing the magnitude and pattern or the sequence of the components of stream flow that are surface runoff and ground water flow, which results increasing the extent of water management problem.
Therefore, this study was evaluated suitable land for surface irrigation and the irrigation water demand and supply (the overall crop water requirement) for dominant crops cultivating in the study area also providing maps for suitable site in terms of suitability parameters also evaluate the amount and pattern of stream flow under the current land use land cover soil and slope using Arc GIS 10.1and, Arc SWAT
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