The political conspiracy made it impossible to keep the operation strictly commercial. The Dutch Republic sanctioned the capture of enemy ships, which the start of an important strategy of Dutch-Asian trade. Capturing Portuguese ships proved to be a rich source of goods, which developed in to attacking Portuguese establishments. The first four fleets of the VOC between 1603-1607 sieged Mozambique, Goa and Mallaca, which followed in attacking Ambon and the the Mollucas. Whenever the VOC took possession of Portuguese establishments they had difficulties staying in power.
After the war and harsh terms of the treaty, Prempeh I was deposed, arrested and exiled to Seychelles, other members, royals and supporters of the Asantehene were exiled in 1902 after the 1900 Ashanti Uprising. These uprisings were known as ‘the War of the Golden Stool’. The empire was incorporated as the British Protectorate. Later, the same to the Sokoto Caliphate in Northern Nigeria, in 1902, the Asante and the whole territory of Gold Coast (Ghana) were governed through ‘indirect rule’ system. Indirect rule system will be discussed in chapter three of this book.
INTRODUCTION The Ajuran Sultanate or Ajuran Empire was known as a Somali Muslim empire that ruled over the large parts of the Northeast Africa consists of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia and dominated the regional trade during the 5th to the 15th century during the era of Medieval Ages. Ajuran Sultanate was very well-known during 13th century until the late 17th century because of their strong centralized administration and has an aggressive military towards invaders. This empire also left an extensive architectural legacy, including castles, fortress building and pillar tombs fields attributed to the Ajuran engineers. Because of the theocratic nature of the Ajuran government, many peoples come from many regions in East Africa had
Ancient Ethiopian Empire by the 5th century A.D, its commercial vessels traded with the Mediterranean and Asian countries. Its naval vessels carried armies across the Red Sea into Arabia and it was a prosperous empire (Gibbon 1910: cited in Amha Dagnew). The Ethiopian dark ages was initiated by the rise of Islam in Arabia, Ethiopia’s Eastern neighbor across the Red Sea. The Dark Age of Ethiopia actually began when the Ethiopian Axumite kingdom lost its costal territories, first to the Arabs and after the 14th century A.D to the Ottoman Turks (Amha Dagnew, 2012). After these situations
Another reason is because of trade. Mali was situated in three different places which allowed it to have many things from different places. These are the reasons why Mali was a place of great cultural exchange and ideas. Mali was a great site of cultural exchange. One of the reasons it became this was was because of their large amounts of gold.
Gildo revolted against the western empire, of which his territory was a part of and declared for Arcadius instead. This though meant that the valuable African grain supply to Rome went to the hands of the east. Stilicho of course suspected Eutropius was involved in this, though he did not follow the manyfold advice of starting an open war with the east. Instead he started a systematic diplomatic intrigue which eventually, in AD 399, thrown Eutropius from the office and banished into exile. Meanwhile Stilicho stopped the rebellion of Gildo and returned Africa to the western empire.
(The British Museum. Benin: an African kingdom). The document of the seventeenth century illustrates that Benin was a wealthy and major kingdom. The centralization of its wealth is completely reflected on the magnificence of its capital city. Benin City enjoyed a great and skillful archeology which is apparent in the grandeur of the Oba's palace.
has created an environment conducive to the growth of industry. One such industries that has flourished, under Emperor Akbar and presently, Emperor Jahangir, is the Cotton Textile industry, with centers established across Hindustan. Silk and Cotton textiles have developed significantly in Bengal. In fact, manufacturing of cotton goods has assumed such extensive proportions, that it caters to the requirements of most parts of Hindustan. Similarly, along the western coast, pepper is an important commodity of
HISTORY OF GUM ARABIC TRADE IN COLONIAL BORNO PROVINCE OF NIGERIA, 1902-1960 ABSRACT In the history of colonial Nigeria, trade in Gum Arabic was an important relationship that brought about a close economic contact between the colonized people of Borno province and the European colonizers. Obviously, Gum Arabic was one of the economy resources in Colonial Borno province and one of the basic raw materials of trade that was vigorously attracted the attentions of the Colonial Government and European Private Companies into the region, since the early days of colonialism. On this strength, an attempt was made to pre-review the trade in Gum Arabic during the colonial Borno, with particular emphasis to the mode of production and distribution. To
Metallurgy was said to be one of the major mechanisms in social and political urbanization, the most widely noted cities are those in the Zimbabwe plateau, the middle Nile and so forth. The diversity of themetals formed local and long distant trade routes which lead to other several key political roles were metals were used for tribute and taxes due to their high value during the revolution. The extensive aspect of the metal production and the metal trade was the rise of towns and states in Africa. Through the trade of extensive metals, multitudes of different states formed all through Africa and especially in the sub-Saharan area. Historical sources alluded to the existence of extensive trade routes in the southern Africa after 1000 AD for copper and iron at Musina and Phalabora in the southern Africa.Metals were also traded for cattle, grain and many local commodities such as glass beads as this is evident in sites from the 9-10th century in Nigeria, Nubia and