Alan Turing Artificial Intelligence Research Paper

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a defined and active field more than the fifty years. However, either chronologically or thematically the field of artificial intelligence is very difficult. There have been many achievements in this field in many areas and still the effort is going on. The founders of AI’s were optimistic about the future, “machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do” was predicted by Herbert Simon (Crevier, 1993)

The short paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” of Alan Turing’s which was published in 1950 has influenced philosophic discourse, research in artificial intelligence, and even Hollywood cinema, as evidenced by Hollywood movies such as Blade Runner. Movies like the terminator and the matrix provide additional widely familiar examples. The question, “Can machines think?” in relation to the topic Computing Machinery and Intelligence was an important question that pioneered the way for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning which have in recent years proved to be of considerable value. This was the first paper to introduce the concept of a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior comparable to that of a human. The main issue regarded by Turing was “Can we construct a ‘thinking machine’ that thinks

It was attended by many of those who became leaders in the field including John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky etc. Two main approaches were developed for general AI, first main approach was the “top down” approach which started with the higher level functions and implemented those, and the second main approach was the “bottom up” approach which looked at the neuron level and worked up to create higher level functions. The Intelligence is fundamentally related to neuronal and synaptic activity (Thorndike, 1932), (Hebb,