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Observational Learning Theory

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Social Cognitive Learning theory is presented by Albert Bandura on 1961. This theory is mainly based on observation. Hence, it is also known as observational learning theory. Observational learning theory means learning of a new behavior through observing actions of a model displayed. There are four element requires in the observational learning (Bandura, 1986). The four key elements are attention, memory, imitation and desire. Nowadays, violent crime, especially crimes involving teenagers, is increasing. There is a statement stated that teenagers witness on television, movies and computer games is a direct result for increasing violent crimes. Indeed, most of the studies conducted found that exposure to violent TV shows, movies, and computer …show more content…

Teenagers in the United States spend about three to four hours per day watching television (Huesmann, 2007) and more than two hours per day playing video games. Probably, teenagers may exposed to the aggressive behavior and may imitated the behavior. A two hour long crime spree has occurred in NY on June 24, 2008, by 6 teenagers. They perpetrated a robbery with violence, several break-ins, and thefts. Finally, they were being caught. According to the authorities investigating this crime, they were found to imitate the actions from a video games: Grand Theft Auto IV. This particular case is an example of how violence in the media affects the violent behavior in actual life and it is confirmed that aggressive and violent behavior caused by exposure to violent media (Anderson et al., 2003, & US Surgeon General, 1972, 2001, as cited in Boxer, Huesmann, Bushman, O’Brien & Moceri, 2009). However, this field of studies are lacking with respect to sampling populations (Boxer, Huesmann, Bushman, O’Brien & Moceri, …show more content…

The important fact in this element is motivation. A person must have motivation to reproduce the behavior that have been observed. On the other hand, a violent behavior will not be imitate if a person has watched a violent movie and does not have the desire to copy the violent actions display by the actors. For example, teenagers have seen models in the movie stick a gun in someone’s ribs and say “Don’t move” or something to that effect. Luckily few teenagers are stimulated to reproduce that behavior, unless a real gun is with them (Ormrod, 2012). Additionally, teenagers have the chance to choose to perform an observed behavior at the same time they watch it (Hayne, Barr & Herbert, 2003). Thus, teenagers involve crimes does not witness on television, movies and computer games as they must have the motivation to reproduce the violent actions that have been

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