Albert Bandura Social Learning Theory

2.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.2.1 Social learning theory
This a theory postulated by Albert Bandura, the theory suggests that much learning takes place through observing the behaviors of others. This theory acknowledges that human beings are capable of cognition or thinking and that they can benefit from observation and experience. Social learning theory recognizes that much of human learning takes place through watching other people model various behaviors. Social learning focuses on the learning that occurs within a social context. It considers how people learn from one another, encompassing such concepts as observational learning, imitation and modelling (McLeod, 2011). Social learning emphasizes the value of observing and modelling behaviors,

Merton also stated that an individual’s response to societal expectations and means by which the individual pursued those goals were useful in understanding deviance. The parts, or the structures, of society, such as the education system, criminal justice system, and economical system, all have a function, or a job, to perform. When all parts are performing their functions correctly, society as a whole run smoothly. However, have one part not functioning correctly and there will be an adverse reaction to society. Robert Merton pointed out that all parts of society have various functions in which they perform. Some of these functions are obvious and others are not-so-obvious. He distinguished between the two by stating that the recognized and intended functions were the manifest functions and the unrecognized and unintended functions were the latent

Conventional morality includes the society and societal roles in judging the morality of an action.
Stage 3: Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation
In this stage, a person judges an action based on the societal roles and social expectations before him. This is also known as the “interpersonal relationships” phase. For example, a child gives away her lunch to a street peasant because she thinks doing so means being nice.
Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation
This stage includes respecting the authorities and following the rules, as well as doing a person’s duty. The society is the main consideration of a person at this stage. For instance, a policeman refuses the money offered to him under the table and arrests the offender because he believes this is his duty as an officer of peace and order.
Level 3: Postconventional Morality
The post-conventional morality includes stage 5 and stage 6. This is mainly concerned with the universal principles that relation to the action done.
Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation
In this stage, the person is look at various opinions and values of different people before coming up with the decision on the morality of the