The product dissolved in the dry ether after washing with toluene. Using filtration sodium acetate was separated, and the filtrate was evaporated to obtain syrup and fractionated at a boiling point of 133-136 °C. The obtained product dissolved in hydrogen bromide of glacial acetic acid and this mixture reaction kept in an ice bath for 1hr. According to procedure, the product was methylated to obtain 1bromo-2, 3, 4, 6-tetramethylglucose.
.1.1 CYTOSINE ANALOGUE PREPARATION WITH AROMATIC ALDEHYDE when aromatic aldehyde is used, magnesium is added to anhydrous methanol or ethanol (4 eq relative to cytosine) and heated until complete dissolution of magnesium filings and add 2 mmol of cytosine, followed by the aromatic aldehyde in the amount of 4-6 eq, minimum of 4 eq relative to cytosine, the reaction mixture is heated up to 45-65°C for at least 3 hours, and later, a reducing agent, preferably NaBH(1 eq relative aldehyde) ,is added to the cooled mixture, then it is kept at room temperature for at least 15 minutes, followed by addition of inorganic acid solution; next, the mixture is evaporated, water is added and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate to isolate the product;
A. INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION Metronidazole is 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole B.P. It appears as a white to brownish cream crystalline substance with melting point 159-162C. Solubility in water at 20C is 1g/100mL; in ethyl alcohol, 0.5g/100mL; in chloroform, 0.4g/100mL; slightly soluble in ether and soluble in dilute acids. When reconstituted as Metronidazole IV for Infusion, it has a pH of between 4.8 and 5.2.
Stored in light glass bottle. 2.5.2: Formation of PANI(CoFe2O4) 0.1g of Nano material and 50ml of Aniline hydrochloride were mixed in a beaker. Then 50ml of Ammonium peroxydisulphate was added drop wise in reaction mixture with constant stirring below 20 oC. After 24 hours the coated sample was filtered, washed and dried at 60 oC in oven and then grinded into a fine powder in agate
Preparation of chitosan microspheres49 In this method, the polymer chitosan was initially dissolved 1% acetic acid, by magnetic stirring for about 2-3 hrs, to the prepared chitosan solution, diltiazem hydrochloride was added, stirred for 1hr, the resulted polymer solution was added to liquid paraffin containing span 60 as surfactant. The resultant emulsion was stirred for one hr further cross linking agent gluteraldehyde was added stirred over night for rigidisation of coating. Microsphers were filtered, washed with petroleum ether, and air dried. Formulation code Diltiazem hydrochloride (mg) Chitosan Gluteraldehyde (ml) Surfactant Conc. FCD1 90 90 3 1 FCD2 90 180 3 2 FCD3 90 240 3 3 FCD4 90 360 3 4 FCD5 90 450 3 5 FCD6 90 90 3 5
Firstly, 0.3 g Fe3O4 was ultrasonically dispersed into 150 ml solvent (Vmethanol/Vwater=1/1) for 20 min to obtain a uniform suspension. A 100 ml alkaline solution (0.32 g Na2CO3, 0.48 g NaOH) was added dropwise into the suspension until pH ca. 10.0 and kept for 5 min, then another 100 ml salt solution (1.02 g Mg(NO3)2⋅6H2O and 1.2 g Al(NO3)3⋅9H2O) and above alkaline solution were simultaneously added maintaining the pH in 9.5-10.0. The resultant was stirred for 5 min followed separation by using a magnet and thoroughly washing with deionized water and alcohol and dried at 60 °C overnight giving product Fe-Mg/Al
Two third volume of isopropanol was added, DNA allowed to settle. 7. DNA was spooled out in the eppendorf tube and then settle down DNA and add 200 µl of 70% ethanol was added for washing. 8. Centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 min, alcohol wash was repeated again.
0.1 N Sodium thiosulphate solution 4. 0.5 % starch indicator Procedure: 1. Take an aliquot of the extracted fat of the sample in to a conical flask. 2. Then add 25 ml of the solvent and displace the air above the liquid with Co2.
Firstly a 100 ml solution of AgNO3 (1mM) is prepared in a beaker. Then 10 ml of sodium borohydride (0.1M) is added drop wise to the beaker under continuous stirring for 6 hours. A change in the colour is observed and a solution of pale yellow is obtained. This mixture is allowed to rest for 8 hours before use. 2.3.2 Preparation of silver nanoparticles with citrate as capping agent Firstly a 10 ml solution of AgNO3 (0.01M) is prepared in a beaker.
Arulmurugan et al[15] by the condensation of 10ml of 2-amino benzyl alcohol (0.02g, 5mmol) with vanillin (0.011g, 5mmol) in ethanol (1:1 molar ratio). The mixture was then refluxed for 3h and the progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. The product obtained was filtered, washed in distilled water, dried, and preserved in a desiccator containing CaCl2. 2.3. Preparation of the Schiff base metal (II) complexes : An ethanolic (20 ml) solution of schiff base ligand (40mmol, 0.11g ) was added drop wise to 20ml of the metal(II) salts [20mmol, 0.04g of CuCl2.4H2O, 0.048g of CoCl2.6H2O, 0.048g of CrCl3.6H2O, and 0.044g of ZnCl2.2H2O] in boiling ethanol(78.70C).