Enzyme Effect On Amylase

ABSTRACT To catalyze a reaction, an enzyme will grab on (bind) to one or more reactant molecules. In this experiment we examined how increasing the volume of the extract added to the reaction would affect the rate of the reaction. The enzyme used was horseradish peroxidase which helps catalyze hydrogen peroxide. Using different pH levels, the absorbance rate of the reaction was measured to see at which condition the enzyme worked best. The rates of absorption were calculated using a spectrophotometer in 20 second intervals up to 120 seconds.

The effect of pH on the speed of enzyme interaction with substrate chemicals Hypothesis: About pH: If the pH level is less than 5, then the speed of the enzyme reaction will be slower. About temperature: If the temperature stays the same, then the speed of the enzyme reaction will not be completely affected. Background information: The function of enzymes is to speed up the biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, they do this by colliding with the substrate.

The Bile Esculin agar test has its medium as selective and differential. Black medium shows a positive result for esculin hydrolysis. In the agar, Gram-positive cannot grow in the presence of bile while certain Gram-negative bacteria can hydrolyze esculin with bile present. MR-VP broth contains glucose and peptone. The enteric bacteria will oxidize glucose for ATP, but there are different fermentative pathways that allow glucose to be fermented.

(see table #2) The mixture with the bean water caused the solution to not be as concentrated, limiting the amount of oligosaccharides that the alpha galactosidase can break down, therefore resulting in a small amount of glucose concentration. The highest stand standard deviation is at 4 mL of alpha galactosidase, which is 185.742. The lowest standard deviation is at 0 mL and 1 mL of alpha galactosidase, which is 0. Since error bars are not all overlapping, it shows that there was a significant difference (see figure #3).

The error was how fast the person was spinning the water. It could have changed the temperature of the water easily, by how much calcium chloride was dissolved. Another error was how much calcium chloride was added, it told us to add one scoop, instead of a more accurate measurement, for example, one tablespoon. The scoop could have been not filled all the way, or filled too much. To improve this experiment, we could have had accurate measurements and spinning every 10 seconds.

The cylinder with the sebacoyl chloride was 27.14 grams and the cylinder with hexamethylenediamine was 36.14 grams. We then calculated the mass of the reactants, which is found when we found the difference of the weight of the cylinders before and after sebacoyl chloride and hexamethylenediamine were added. The total mass of the reactants was equal to 41.35 grams. After we calculated these results, we started to create the chemical reaction. We put the sebacoyl chloride and the hexamethylenediamine in separate beakers, but then slowly added the hexamethylenediamine to the beaker with the sebacoyl chloride in it.

Although .7906 mg of phosphonium salt was added, this probably was not enough to complete the reaction. The only significant change throughout method was 1 was that the yellowish mixture became slightly lighter. However, it was found that after vacuum filtration, there was some white and yellow

When testing the effects of hydrochloric acid on different solutions data was collected that showed that liver cells have a buffer and celery do not which supports the original hypothesis of liver cells containing a buffer. A buffer is a solution that resists change in pH when acid is added to it. A buffer will release more hydroxide ions when there is acid added. Each solution in the lab was tested first at its original pH and then after five drops each was tested until there were 30 drops added in. When tested in the lab two controls were used one positive for having a buffer (alka seltzer) and one negative (water).

Your levels came back at 145 which is considered normal, so that is a good thing. Next, let us look at your LDL test. LDL is what we consider “bad” cholesterol. If you have too much LDL in your blood it can lead to the deposits of plaque in your arteries.

B. Dark chocolate can be mood booster i. People easier to get stress, depress and easy to get angry. ii. The contents of dark chocolate help in the production of endorphins which are produced by the brain cells and are known to boost the mood. iii. It stimulates the brain cells to relax a person and less anxious.

The control in the experiment is water. Units used while timing the productivity of gas from an Alka-Seltzer tablet in different temperatures is, seconds. In order to find out if temperature controls the rate of chemical reaction, whether hot water is a more effective way to make the gas produce at a faster speed, it would be necessary to compare the results of different temperatures at the end of each trial. In order to do this the scientists will measure the volume of gas that is produced within a 10 second interval time after the tablet begins to react.

The voltammetric measurement has been performed by transferring the oxidized TMB solution to the 96X carbon electrode. Thus, linear sweep voltammetry were measured by sweeping the potential from +6.00 to -2.00 mV. The calibration curve couldn 't be plotted with the obtained voltammograms, therefore, the cocaine-benzoylecgonine antibody concentration has been raised to 0.05 µg/ml (10 fold more) and the tracer dilution ratio to 1:10000. That leads to increase the absorbance (OD) detected by ELISA to 4. The obtained voltammograms were investigated and the calibration curve was plotted. It showed non linear four parameter logistic relationship fit between the concentration of cocaine and the potential applied.

The effect of the solution concentration of sodium chloride on diffusion in yam cores compared to the solution concentration of water Abstract The purpose of the experiment was to see if different solution concentrations had an effect on diffusion. Our group established a hypothesis that stated; sodium chloride will make the yam cores weigh less than in water. In order to start experimenting, we obtained 10 yam cores, weighed them and placed them in five cups that contained 50 mL of water.

50 μL of these dilution solutions were separated on the TLC plate coated with SNISG. The plate was developed with petroleum ether: ethyl acetate (4:1) and the movement of solvent was usually controlled at 1 cm from the upper edge. After completion, the plate was dried until no solvent smell remained. It was sprayed with an ethanol solution containing 10% sulfuric acid, and heated at an infra-red drier until obvious color came up, as shown in Fig.2 (B.ab). Simultaneously, the amount of silver nitrate in the impact of isolative effect was investigated with the sample procedure, as shown in Fig.2

Luckily, people have found many cures for all types of cancer. Amazingly, there are over two hundred cures discovered in the past thousands of years (News Medical Life Sciences). As well, there are categories of cancer treatments, and a popular one is chemotherapy. According to Dictionary.com, chemotherapy is, “the treatment of disease by means of chemicals that have a specific toxic effect upon the disease-producing microorganisms of that selectively destroy cancerous tissue” (Dictionary.com). In other words, chemotherapy is used with chemicals to treat diseases.