The 18th century had been a world of unknown scientific and medical exploration. Across the globe, many kingdoms and countries had faced a similar complication that baffled even the most educated physicians and politicians. Every summer civilians would meet with their local doctors and grumble about their bodily issues, but each doctor had discovered the same symptoms. On August 3, 1793 the city of Philadelphia had a devastating disease lurking in the streets and alleyways. Jim Murphy, an American author of “An American Plague”, is an author to more than 35 nonfiction and fiction books for children and young adults, also winning multiple awards for his accurate and such accomplished work. The variety of subjects in history to choose from had …show more content…
In Philadelphia 1973 early August, a robust and fatal disease had emerged through the garbaged pavement roads and city ‘sinks’. Dr. Hugh Hodge was one of the first to encounter the deadly disease, and it taking the life of his daughter days before meeting with a new patient with the same grotesque symptoms. Hugh and his colleague Dr. John Foulke cautiously cared for Catherine LeMaigre, reciting and reviewing previous documents that would provide treatments for such a harmful, painful disease. The tactics both the Doctor’s had used didn’t help with Catherine’s well being, and thus astonishing them since they haven’t ever seen prestigious methods shot down. Dr. Benjamin Rush, a well respected man and founding father of the United States, had rushed to the news of Catherine, and then decided the fatal disease was Yellow Fever. Many of the physicians at the time in Philadelphia dismissed Rush’s claim as crazy and spontaneous. Rush had thought and expressed the rest of those in the same profession as him were …show more content…
The most interesting part was how the people hadn’t any idea what was the best for them, or even the Doctor’s hadn’t looked at each other 's research as thoroughly or respectfully enough to come to a legitimate conclusion about the disease. The overall descriptions provided by the author was enough to explain to the reader what had been the situation in Philadelphia 1793. Jim Murphy had spread his efforts in all of the sections in the book equally, and to the reader it would make it less complicated to understand the concepts. “An American Plague” provides a strong educational opportunity to the reader, and the path Jim Murphy had taken in writing in a memorable way gives plenty of information about the summer of 1793 in Philadelphia. The audience of this book should be for young adults, and “An American Plague” is suitable with the vocabulary, description and maturity to be exposed with certain
Your mother is stranded,your town has become a ghost town and pestilence is roaming . In 1793 the state of Philadelphia battled against a deadly enemy,deadly yellow fever . It took the lives of 5,000 citizens . Matilda’s story may have been fiction however for many people this was very real . In the novel “Fever 1793” by Laurie halse Anderson, Matilda finds herself struggling with the fever.
Yellow Fever Essay In 1793 a rapid fever ran through the city of Philadelphia like the fastest track runner in the world. That fever was called yellow fever. If you had a despicable case of yellow fever you had the choice of a French doctor or an American doctor to treat you. Yellow fever came to Philadelphia by foreign ships.
The primary source I chose for my analysis is “A Most Terrible Plague: Giovanni Boccaccio”. This document focuses on the account of how individuals acted when a plague broke out and hundreds of people were dying every day. This source is written by Giovanni Boccaccio as it is a story told by him and friends as they passed the time. Boccaccio discusses how “the plague had broken out some years before in the Levant, and after passing from place to place, and making incredible havoc along the way, had now reached the west.” Readers of this source can assume there wasn’t much cures and medicinal technology weren’t used much during this time as even their physicians stayed away from the sick because once they got close they would also get sick.
“Typhoid Mary: Captive to the Public’s Health” was written by Judith Walzer Leavitt, a historian whose careful research and talented writing gave rise to one of the most well-known accounts of Typhoid Mary’s life. The focus of the book, as its very title suggests, is on Mary Mallon, the young woman whose individual rights to freedom were sacrificed for the public’s health and safety. Born in Ireland, Mary Mallon moved to New York as a teenager and soon became a domestic cook serving in wealthy American households. Unfortunately, the epidemic of typhoid fever was spreading like wildfire through the homes, including the ones where Mallon worked. When the disease hit the household of the banker Charles Warren, the family hired the sanitary engineer George Soper who was well-known for his ‘shoe-leather’ investigations.
In the Americas, populations decreased by 50 percent to 95 percent by 1650. The illness component of the Columbian Exchange was distinctly one-sided.(Nunn, N., & Qian, N. (2010). The Columbian Exchange: A history of disease, food, and ideas. The Journal of Economic Perspectives: A Journal of the American Economic Association, 24(2), 163–188.).In 1493, swine flu was spread by the pigs on board Columbus' ships, making Columbus and other Europeans ill and killing the indigenous Taino people of Hispaniola, who had never been exposed to the virus before. Smallpox and other disease germs carried by the conquerors caused the Great Dying.(Edward Winslow, Nathaniel Morton, William Bradford, and Thomas Prince, New England’s Memorial (Cambridge: Allan and Farnham, 1855), 362.)
One of the biggest summer nuisance would be the mosquito, but more specifically the Ades aegypti mosquito. The Aedes aegypti is the vector for yellow fever and the cause of the numerous deaths. In her book The American Plague: The Untold Story of Yellow Fever, The Epidemic the Shaped Our History, Molly Caldwell Crosby presents the idea that the mosquito is not just the only reason an epidemic occurred in the 18th century. This story accounts for the disease that broke out across the world and nearly destroyed almost all of North America’s population, which some believe could have been avoided by simple quarantine analysis and sanitary methods.
In The book An American Plague Chapter 2 All Was Not Right there are a lot of reasons on why we can tell it is not all right. Catherine LeMaigre was dying, The doctors discovered what was going around. First, “ On Monday, August 19 it was clear that thirtythree year old Catherine LeMaigre was dying and dying horribly and painfully”. She felt that her stomach was going to explode. Her husband called in two neighborhood doctors.
It also indicates the hospital was a surreal, almost placid place. While in An American Plague page 105 it indicates,”so many people applied that patients had to have a doctors certificate stating that they did indeed have yellow fever.” With this many people applying to Bush Hill, it would most certainly not be a calm and relaxing place. It also suggests that this place should be like the market or town square before the fever, bustling, constant commotion and always someone wanting or needing something. It also conveys on page 13-14 of An American Plague,”the skin and eyeballs turned yellow, as red blood cells were destroyed, causing the bile pigment bilirubin to accumulate in the body;nose, gums and intestines began bleeding; and the patient vomited stale, black blood.
The fever was caused by a mosquito that had bitten a yellow fever victim and transferred their blood to you. The fever was brought into Philadelphia by foreign refugees. Between 2,000-5,000 people died from the yellow fever in Philadelphia. Philadelphia doctors and the French had one major thing in common they had no idea how to treat
Daniel Defoe 's A Journal of a Plague Year is not simply a narrative about the etymology and effects of the Great Plague of 1665, rather, this narrative is concerned with how the plague relates to and affects humanity and our greater understanding of the world. This concern ultimately reflects the growing ideas of the Enlightenment in the 18th century. To Daniel Gordon, it is only within the Enlightenment 's modern city that the plague can become a "disaster of the highest magnitude," because it "symbolize[s] the other side of the coin of rationality” (70). The "uncontrollable force" of the plague creates an innate juxtaposition to human progress, specifically how we deal with that uncontrollable force (Gordon 70). Therefore, in setting humans against an unstoppable threat, Defoe is aiming to observe and record reactions in order to understand the nature of humans.
There actually was a yellow fever outbreak that hit Philadelphia in 1793. It was one of the worst epidemics in US history. In almost three months it killed nearly 10% of the city’s population, which is around 5,000 people. Many had fled the city even Congressman as mentioned in the book, along with George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Since medicine wasn’t very developed at the time many doctors did drain blood from patients, trying to get rid of the “pestilence”.
During the mid-fourteenth century, a plague hit Europe. Initially spreading through rats and subsequently fleas, it killed at least one-third of the population of Europe and continued intermittently until the 18th century. There was no known cure at the time, and the bacteria spread very quickly and would kill an infected person within two days, which led to structural public policies, religious, and medical changes in Europe. The plague had an enormous social effect, killing much of the population and encouraging new health reforms, it also had religious effects by attracting the attention of the Catholic Church, and lastly, it affected the trade around Europe, limiting the transportation of goods. As a response to the plague that took place
As their next-door-neighbors begin dying, two men are driven to action: Reverend Henry Whitehead, whose faith in a benevolent God is great, and Dr. John Snow, whose beliefs about contagion have been rejected by the scientific community, but who is convinced that he knows how the disease is had spread. “The Ghost Map” records the
Such a view limits the historian’s understanding of documents arising from the Black Death while simultaneously insulting the individuals that authored them. Fourteenth-century medical personnel and chroniclers engaged with descriptions, both their own and others’, of the Black Death to posit solutions that made sense within their cultural context. As subsequent waves of plague emerged in Europe, writers increasingly acknowledged ideas about contagion, natural causes, and preventative measures that reflect a turn to natural sciences. These theories held until the 1894 identification of Yersinia pestis (Y.pestis) by Alexandre Yersin, which was subsequently challenged, reaffirmed, and qualified by contemporary scholars. Modern scholars still struggle to pinpoint the exact etiology of the Black Death and, in the process, fall short of the perfect understanding expected from medieval
Bernard Rieux faces three main calls to duty in The Plague. He is the doctor who is leading the charge against the plague, he is the husband of a very ill wife, and he is the recorder of objective observations and the narrator. In many instances throughout the duration of the plague, even before it has been officially recognized as an epidemic, Dr. Rieux clearly goes willingly beyond what he is expected to do as a doctor, even before the onset of the plague. For example, Dr. Rieux treats Cottard for “a constriction of the aorta” (18) without receiving any form of payment. It is also revealed that just hours prior to the official declaration of the outbreak of plague, Dr. Rieux considered himself in “high time to put the brakes on and try and get his nerves into some sort of order;”(31) which could be understood as the sentiments of an overworked man.