The case of Miss V. Strong could be heard in either the Magistrates court or the Crown court as Grievous bodily harm (GBH) is a triable either way offence, however it would depend on the severity of the offence. If her case was GBH section 18 her case would be heard in the Crown court if it was a section 20 her case could be heard in both courts. Initially, the Magistrates decide on whether a case is serious enough to be heard in the Crown court or if it will stay in the magistrate’s court. If they decide it will stay in the Magistrates’ court, the defendant is then given the opportunity to choose what court it should take place in. (1)
Within the Magistrates court the cases are heard by a bench of three, sometimes two, Magistrates or a district
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Legal personnel consists of solicitors, barristers, legal executives and paralegals. When using lay people in contrast to legal personnel there are clear advantages and disadvantages of both. An advantage of using a magistrate is that they have to live or work in the local area, unlike barristers, this is an advantage as because of this they will more likely understand the consequences of the defendants actions to the local area. another advantage of using lay Magistrates is that they are cheap and it would be expensive to replace them all with judges. However a disadvantage of using Magistrates is that unlike barristers they are not trained and lack legal knowledge. alongside this another disadvantage of using lay Magistrates is that they are less likely to be a representative of the local area as only mature, well educated people are appointed. Barristers have to undertake a law degree to then join an inn of court followed by further training after this they can be called to the bar to the be at the professional …show more content…
Advice and representation may be funded by local funding pages such as just giving or may be readily available for example a duty solicitor at the police station. similarly in both of these methods to get legal advice or representation the defendant doesn have to pay from their own pocket. On the other hand a duty solicitor may not be as helpful as a solicitor you hire as they have restrictions for how long they can spend on your case unlike paid
Lily Craymer November 8, 2017 Texas Politics County Court Judges vs Supreme Court Judges In Texas, County Court judges and Supreme Court judges both have the title of “judge” in their names, but what does that really mean? If someone introduces themselves with the title of a judge, it doesn’t give any specifics on what their public responsibilities are. Both positions have different levels of power, but are equally important. In order to reform Texas laws, one must know how it functions.
The 2nd level is the County Level Courts. County Courts have jurisdiction over juvenile matters, misdemeanors with fines greater than 500$ or jail sentence, and probate matters. District Courts are the 3rd level. They have jurisdiction over felonious matters, divorce cases, land titles, and contested elections. The 4th level is the Courts of Appeals, which is the final step before the
The aim of this essay is to outline the role, function and circumstances for the appointment of the Guardian Ad Litem for the protection of Children in Ireland. Under the Child Care Act 1991 which was the first act that supported the protection of children, a child is defined as “a person under the age of 18 years, apart from a person who is or has been married. What is a Guardian Ad Litem? The definition as is stated in the CAAB suggests that the job of the Guardian Ad Litem is to signify areas that are potentially in conflict to represent the child who has difficulty with speech, language or has a disability. A Guardian Ad Litem (Guardian at law) can be an attorney for the child.
The three levels within the federal courts are: the U.S. Magistrate Courts, the U.S. District Courts, the U.S. Courts of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court. The magistrate courts are the lowest level and as such are limited to trying misdemeanors, setting bail amounts and assisting the district courts. The U.S. District Courts are the federal branch of original jurisdiction courts. These are responsible for criminal trials and giving guilty or not guilty verdicts. The U.S. Courts of Appeals are responsible for all the appeals from U.S. district courts.
The Roman Republic greatly influence the many forms of government that came after it, its many contributions to government significantly impacted modern day governments of today. Yet to understand it we must first find knowledge to how the Roman Republic came to be. The answer is fairly simple, due to the harsh rule of the Etruscan they were kicked out of Rome and the Romans formed the Rome Republic. Yet, the Rome Republic developed over time, it when through refinements as time passed. Such things as the Senate, magistrates, tripartite, checks and balances are some of the examples that the Roman Republic influenced on modern U.S. government.
Specialized Courts Specialized courts are commonly known as the problem-solving courts that promote positive reinforcement, support behavior modification, decrease victimization, and reduce recidivism. Examples of specialized courts include drug court and mental health courts. A community might benefit from establishing a specialized court such as a drug court because it follows a comprehensive model that concentrates on reducing criminal actions through treatment and rehabilitation services with the focus being on substance abuse addiction and identifying the cause without jeopardizing public safety and due process (Specialized Courts, 2013).
The court
In this paragraph, the advantages and disadvantages of trial by jury will be discussed. The main advantages are that juries introduce community values into the legal process and can influence the system (Joyce, 2013); they can achieve a sense of equity and fairness without enforcing unjust laws; in addition, juries are independent and neutral (Davies, 2015). Moreover, they guarantee participation from the public in a democratic institution (Hostettler, 2004), and represent the population thanks to the randomness with which jurors are decided (Davies, 2015). On the other hand, the most important disadvantages are that jurors have no prior contact with the courts, no training (Hostettler, 2004) and therefore they lack knowledge of law, courtroom proceedings (Joyce, 2013), and lack of ability to understand the legal directions (Thomas, 2010). Moreover, they must face evidence which is highly technical (Hostettler, 2004).
I am a legal research clerk for a barrister at Anthony Mason Chambers, and a large portion of my role requires that I distil large volumes of evidence and determine and distinguish what is and may be critical* to the matter at hand. My role also requires that I research specific and general legal points, which I draft and develop into an argument that later becomes part of submissions in the District Court and Supreme Court of South Australia. My position and studies have honed my ability to articulate an * and evaluate its survivability, crucial to effective decision-making*. Furthermore, last year I completed a six-month placement at Wright Chambers, where I regularly assisted with case preparation and briefing witnesses in matters at both Commonwealth and State DPP levels.
The law is meant to provide justice to people. So the main advantages of the common law system is that it is consistent, adaptive, equal and independent. Consistency is achieved through the precedent as the base for the decisions, not the personal attitudes of the judges. The parties, involved in the process, are expecting that their case would be decided as the similar one, it creates certainty in getting equal justice and stability. Precedents are usually developed in the higher courts by the senior
If the defendant can be proven to be guilty beyond all reasonable doubt then they would process with sentencing. They usually try all the summary cases and in some circumstances they also try the either way offence and whether or not to progress it to the crown court. Although all indictable offences are dealt in the crown court they have to still be dealt for the first hearing at the magistrate’s court and then they’re sent to the crown court. This is known as an early administrative hearing. The magistrates also focus and deal with criminal side matters such as issuing bails and warrant
The Judges will have no bias for either sides of the case. It is important that judges are independent and neutral so they can defend the civil freedom from the executive and legislature powers. This can be achieved in the UK by a combination of statute, common law, the parliamentary rules, conventions, judicial and government restraint. The role of the Judiciary is to control the conduct of a trail, sole arbiter of legal issues, civil cases adopt the result, criminal cases sum up to the Jury and pass
Introduction Civil Justice System The civil justice system exists in order to enable individuals, businesses, and local and central government to vindicate, and where necessary, enforce their civil legal rights and obligations, whether those rights are private or public. It ensures that the rights and protection of citizens are called for. The rule of law dictates that government should not abuse their powers as per AV Dicey’s concept of the rule of law. In addition, the civil courts endorse economic activity, allowing contracts to be made between strangers because rights are taken care of in the courts if they are breached.
The hierarchy of courts of Malaysia begins with the Magistrates’ Court, followed by the Sessions Court, High Court, Court of Appeal and finally is the Federal Court of Malaysia. There are generally two types of trials, criminal and civil. The jurisdiction of the courts in civil or criminal matters are contained in the Subordinate Courts Act 1948 and the Courts of Judicature Act 1964. Article 121 of the Constitution provides for two High Courts of co-ordinate jurisdiction, the High Court in Malaya, and the High Court in Sabah and Sarawak. Thus this creates two separate local jurisdiction of the courts – for Peninsular Malaysia and for East Malaysia.
Legal aid refers back to the act of supplying legal assistance to those who are not able to cover their court representations from their pockets. This setup is specifically asked through the liberal groups to make sure that poor people and also the foreign individuals will be correctly symbolized in the court. This led to the emergence of legal aid lawyers who are prepared to offer their expertise to individuals who cannot afford to employ an attorney. Most lawyers are often indexed by the Phone Book under "Barristers and Lawyers" and "Lawyers" although not each one of these lawyers is for sale to legal aid. Some lawyers may fix legal aid free of charge, but it is best to take a look using the lawyer when you begin speaking for them.