After subsequent investigation and research, Cognitive Behavioral Theory became widely recognized as an effective treatment for depression. Moreover, Beck’s theory extended to approach other mental disorder such as substance abuse, marital problems, eating disorders, personality disorder, panic and anxiety disorders (Craske, 2010). According to Butler et al.,16 meta-analyses reviewed supported the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for a variety of conditions in adults and adolescents (Butler et al., 2006). Each CBT needs different strategies according to the individual’s problem. However, despite the difference of each treatment techniques, they share the same core model and general approach.
It was used to treat depression, anxiety and stress/distress symptoms of the patients. One of the concerns of the study was also to investigate if the effect on depression is brought about by self-compassion. The experiment was done in two phases. In phase one, patients with mild/moderate psychology distress were used, where 8 patients each were randomly assigned to receiving MBCT or treatment as usual (TAU) and assessed both before and after the treatment. The effect of treatment on anxiety and depression was analyzed using analysis of variance.
First and foremost, it is important to understand Beck’s cognitive model of depression before diving into its interpretations. Simply put, Beck’s cognitive model of depression is a triad including negative views about oneself, the world, and the future (Disner et al., 2011). It starts with a negative thought about oneself i.e. “I am fat and unattractive”, then a negative thought about the world’s perception i.e. “Everyone thinks I am fat and unattractive”, and finally a negative thought about the future i.e.
It aims to alleviate distress by modifying cognitive content and process, realigning thinking with reality. Ilardi & Craighead (1994) gave this article about the role of nonspecific treatment factors in cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for depression. An analysis of relevant studies reveals that the majority of symptomatic improvement in CBT occurs prior to the formal introduction of cognitive restructuring techniques. Reviewed evidence supports a mediation role for the hopelessness construct in CBT. Two non specific factors, the treatment rationale and the assignment of homework, appear integral to early symptomatic improvement.
Common negative biases in depression and anxiety include are over generalizing, mind-reading and predicting the future. The crucial component of CBT therapy is to challenge negative thoughts, assumptions, and core beliefs, with more functional or thought-feeling-behavior. The CBT interventions specifically utilized in the treatment of anxiety included the Becks depression or homework, activity, record or thought dairies, or sleep records. Behavior experiments, relaxation, and techniques in order to gain a deeper understanding of the clients problems, maintaining problems and developing strategies towards resolving problems. The theoretical framework of CBT also contains an assessment of the client’s contextual information, such as relationships, personal, work and an agenda and medical.
As Beck (1963,1969) as cited in Brice (2017) proposes Jo's negative beliefs (schemas) about herself come from her childhood, this is usually the result of a traumatic childhood experiences. In Beck's model there are three primary mechanisms responsible for reinforcing and maintaining depression. He concluded that there are 3 levels of negative thinking (Cognitive Triad) these are developed early on in life. Her set of beliefs and expectations, are what distort her normal information processing. These schemas affect how she interprets herself, her future and the world around her, leading to cognitive distortions and impairment in perceptions, memory and
Mindfulness-based therapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review. 33: 763-771. Lau, M., A., (2000). Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
It is based on how someone’s thoughts affect their emotions. Therapists use combinations of behavioral and cognitive techniques to help clients change negative thought patterns and develop more adaptive behaviors. They may help clients connect through thought patterns to negative moods by having them monitor the negative thoughts thought out the day by writing them down in a journal. They tend to challenge the negative thoughts and replace them with good ones. With this short-term therapy, the goal is to change the way someone feels.
While concentrating on the depressive issue the patient taps foe about 5-7 times on the body’s 9 pressure points. This technique actually helps in accepting and resolving the negative thoughts. This technique also increases the energy of the body thus restoring it to the balanced state. Massage therapy: Massage therapy is another technique for relaxation. This therapy does help in curing the depression but some of the symptoms of depression are cured though massage.
According to Begley, negative emotions can be used to direct your thinking (456). Artists such as Vincent van Gogh and Emily Dickinson who are known to be some of the best artists that have ever lived, used their sadness to inspire and drive them to create absolute masterpieces. Negative moods produce a creative mind because people are able to see the world through a deeper perspective, which can promote critical thinking skills, analyzation, and innovation. Diener asserts this when he states, “ Studies show that when you are in a negative mood you become more analytical, more critical, and more innovative” (456). Therefore, negative emotions, innovative thinking, and creativity are beneficial for one’s mental health because they allow people to access deeper thoughts.